Merge remote-tracking branch 'qmp/queue/qmp' into staging

* qmp/queue/qmp: (29 commits) Add 'query-events' command to QMP to query async events qapi: convert netdev_del qapi: convert netdev_add net: net_client_init(): use error_set() net: purge the monitor object from all init functions qemu-config: introduce qemu_find_opts_err() qemu-config: find_list(): use error_set() qerror: introduce QERR_INVALID_OPTION_GROUP qemu-option: qemu_opts_from_qdict(): use error_set() qemu-option: introduce qemu_opt_set_err() qemu-option: opt_set(): use error_set() qemu-option: qemu_opts_validate(): use error_set() qemu-option: qemu_opt_parse(): use error_set() qemu-option: parse_option_size(): use error_set() qemu-option: parse_option_bool(): use error_set() qemu-option: parse_option_number(): use error_set() qemu-option: qemu_opts_create(): use error_set() introduce a new monitor command 'dump-guest-memory' to dump guest's memory make gdb_id() generally avialable and rename it to cpu_index() target-i386: Add API to get note's size ...
author: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com> 2012-06-06 20:57:56 +0800
committer: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com> 2012-06-06 20:57:56 +0800
commit: 349417004a0f7cf5518a998dca755cd06f6c212b (patch)
tree: 70bad616da7eb6d55a1d1781fdd64915a532bbcb
parent: e1ae9a7a78be8d894c111059955fe0e25ec4c203 (diff)
parent: 4860853d60ecea44b65e9cdefce980de3a641dce (diff)
download: qemu-349417004a0f7cf5518a998dca755cd06f6c212b.tar.gz
49 files changed, 2685 insertions, 247 deletions
diff --git a/Makefile.target b/Makefile.target
index 15829041c7..c94abfd3a4 100644
--- a/Makefile.target
+++ b/Makefile.target
@@ -192,6 +192,9 @@ obj-$(CONFIG_KVM) += kvm.o kvm-all.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_NO_KVM) += kvm-stub.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_VGA) += vga.o
 obj-y += memory.o savevm.o cputlb.o
+obj-y += memory_mapping.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_HAVE_GET_MEMORY_MAPPING) += arch_memory_mapping.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_HAVE_CORE_DUMP) += arch_dump.o
 LIBS+=-lz
 
 obj-i386-$(CONFIG_KVM) += hyperv.o
@@ -402,6 +405,8 @@ obj-y += $(addprefix ../, $(trace-obj-y))
 
 endif # CONFIG_SOFTMMU
 
+obj-y += dump.o
+
 ifndef CONFIG_LINUX_USER
 ifndef CONFIG_BSD_USER
 # libcacard needs qemu-thread support, and besides is only needed by devices
diff --git a/blockdev.c b/blockdev.c
index 67895b25d5..622ecba04e 100644
--- a/blockdev.c
+++ b/blockdev.c
@@ -569,7 +569,7 @@ DriveInfo *drive_init(QemuOpts *opts, int default_to_scsi)
         break;
     case IF_VIRTIO:
         /* add virtio block device */
-        opts = qemu_opts_create(qemu_find_opts("device"), NULL, 0);
+        opts = qemu_opts_create(qemu_find_opts("device"), NULL, 0, NULL);
         if (arch_type == QEMU_ARCH_S390X) {
             qemu_opt_set(opts, "driver", "virtio-blk-s390");
         } else {
diff --git a/configure b/configure
index 1f338f8dce..76dd57fc27 100755
--- a/configure
+++ b/configure
@@ -3729,6 +3729,10 @@ case "$target_arch2" in
       fi
     fi
 esac
+case "$target_arch2" in
+  i386|x86_64)
+    echo "CONFIG_HAVE_GET_MEMORY_MAPPING=y" >> $config_target_mak
+esac
 if test "$target_arch2" = "ppc64" -a "$fdt" = "yes"; then
   echo "CONFIG_PSERIES=y" >> $config_target_mak
 fi
@@ -3744,6 +3748,10 @@ if test "$target_softmmu" = "yes" ; then
   if test "$smartcard_nss" = "yes" ; then
     echo "subdir-$target: subdir-libcacard" >> $config_host_mak
   fi
+  case "$target_arch2" in
+    i386|x86_64)
+      echo "CONFIG_HAVE_CORE_DUMP=y" >> $config_target_mak
+  esac
 fi
 if test "$target_user_only" = "yes" ; then
   echo "CONFIG_USER_ONLY=y" >> $config_target_mak
diff --git a/cpu-all.h b/cpu-all.h
index 3a93c0c98a..e8749de2b9 100644
--- a/cpu-all.h
+++ b/cpu-all.h
@@ -22,6 +22,8 @@
 #include "qemu-common.h"
 #include "qemu-tls.h"
 #include "cpu-common.h"
+#include "memory_mapping.h"
+#include "dump.h"
 
 /* some important defines:
  *
@@ -523,4 +525,72 @@ void dump_exec_info(FILE *f, fprintf_function cpu_fprintf);
 int cpu_memory_rw_debug(CPUArchState *env, target_ulong addr,
                         uint8_t *buf, int len, int is_write);
 
+#if defined(CONFIG_HAVE_GET_MEMORY_MAPPING)
+int cpu_get_memory_mapping(MemoryMappingList *list, CPUArchState *env);
+bool cpu_paging_enabled(CPUArchState *env);
+#else
+static inline int cpu_get_memory_mapping(MemoryMappingList *list,
+                                         CPUArchState *env)
+{
+    return -1;
+}
+
+static inline bool cpu_paging_enabled(CPUArchState *env)
+{
+    return true;
+}
+#endif
+
+typedef int (*write_core_dump_function)(void *buf, size_t size, void *opaque);
+#if defined(CONFIG_HAVE_CORE_DUMP)
+int cpu_write_elf64_note(write_core_dump_function f, CPUArchState *env,
+                         int cpuid, void *opaque);
+int cpu_write_elf32_note(write_core_dump_function f, CPUArchState *env,
+                         int cpuid, void *opaque);
+int cpu_write_elf64_qemunote(write_core_dump_function f, CPUArchState *env,
+                             void *opaque);
+int cpu_write_elf32_qemunote(write_core_dump_function f, CPUArchState *env,
+                             void *opaque);
+int cpu_get_dump_info(ArchDumpInfo *info);
+size_t cpu_get_note_size(int class, int machine, int nr_cpus);
+#else
+static inline int cpu_write_elf64_note(write_core_dump_function f,
+                                       CPUArchState *env, int cpuid,
+                                       void *opaque)
+{
+    return -1;
+}
+
+static inline int cpu_write_elf32_note(write_core_dump_function f,
+                                       CPUArchState *env, int cpuid,
+                                       void *opaque)
+{
+    return -1;
+}
+
+static inline int cpu_write_elf64_qemunote(write_core_dump_function f,
+                                           CPUArchState *env,
+                                           void *opaque)
+{
+    return -1;
+}
+
+static inline int cpu_write_elf32_qemunote(write_core_dump_function f,
+                                           CPUArchState *env,
+                                           void *opaque)
+{
+    return -1;
+}
+
+static inline int cpu_get_dump_info(ArchDumpInfo *info)
+{
+    return -1;
+}
+
+static inline int cpu_get_note_size(int class, int machine, int nr_cpus)
+{
+    return -1;
+}
+#endif
+
 #endif /* CPU_ALL_H */
diff --git a/cpu-common.h b/cpu-common.h
index dca5175652..1fe3280701 100644
--- a/cpu-common.h
+++ b/cpu-common.h
@@ -71,6 +71,10 @@ void cpu_physical_memory_unmap(void *buffer, target_phys_addr_t len,
 void *cpu_register_map_client(void *opaque, void (*callback)(void *opaque));
 void cpu_unregister_map_client(void *cookie);
 
+#ifndef CONFIG_USER_ONLY
+bool cpu_physical_memory_is_io(target_phys_addr_t phys_addr);
+#endif
+
 /* Coalesced MMIO regions are areas where write operations can be reordered.
  * This usually implies that write operations are side-effect free.  This allows
  * batching which can make a major impact on performance when using
diff --git a/dump.c b/dump.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0ca14f87ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dump.c
@@ -0,0 +1,883 @@
+/*
+ * QEMU dump
+ *
+ * Copyright Fujitsu, Corp. 2011, 2012
+ *
+ * Authors:
+ *     Wen Congyang <wency@cn.fujitsu.com>
+ *
+ * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2.  See
+ * the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include "qemu-common.h"
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include "elf.h"
+#include <sys/procfs.h>
+#include <glib.h>
+#include "cpu.h"
+#include "cpu-all.h"
+#include "targphys.h"
+#include "monitor.h"
+#include "kvm.h"
+#include "dump.h"
+#include "sysemu.h"
+#include "bswap.h"
+#include "memory_mapping.h"
+#include "error.h"
+#include "qmp-commands.h"
+#include "gdbstub.h"
+
+#if defined(CONFIG_HAVE_CORE_DUMP)
+static uint16_t cpu_convert_to_target16(uint16_t val, int endian)
+{
+    if (endian == ELFDATA2LSB) {
+        val = cpu_to_le16(val);
+    } else {
+        val = cpu_to_be16(val);
+    }
+
+    return val;
+}
+
+static uint32_t cpu_convert_to_target32(uint32_t val, int endian)
+{
+    if (endian == ELFDATA2LSB) {
+        val = cpu_to_le32(val);
+    } else {
+        val = cpu_to_be32(val);
+    }
+
+    return val;
+}
+
+static uint64_t cpu_convert_to_target64(uint64_t val, int endian)
+{
+    if (endian == ELFDATA2LSB) {
+        val = cpu_to_le64(val);
+    } else {
+        val = cpu_to_be64(val);
+    }
+
+    return val;
+}
+
+typedef struct DumpState {
+    ArchDumpInfo dump_info;
+    MemoryMappingList list;
+    uint16_t phdr_num;
+    uint32_t sh_info;
+    bool have_section;
+    bool resume;
+    size_t note_size;
+    target_phys_addr_t memory_offset;
+    int fd;
+
+    RAMBlock *block;
+    ram_addr_t start;
+    bool has_filter;
+    int64_t begin;
+    int64_t length;
+    Error **errp;
+} DumpState;
+
+static int dump_cleanup(DumpState *s)
+{
+    int ret = 0;
+
+    memory_mapping_list_free(&s->list);
+    if (s->fd != -1) {
+        close(s->fd);
+    }
+    if (s->resume) {
+        vm_start();
+    }
+
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static void dump_error(DumpState *s, const char *reason)
+{
+    dump_cleanup(s);
+}
+
+static int fd_write_vmcore(void *buf, size_t size, void *opaque)
+{
+    DumpState *s = opaque;
+    int fd = s->fd;
+    size_t writen_size;
+
+    /* The fd may be passed from user, and it can be non-blocked */
+    while (size) {
+        writen_size = qemu_write_full(fd, buf, size);
+        if (writen_size != size && errno != EAGAIN) {
+            return -1;
+        }
+
+        buf += writen_size;
+        size -= writen_size;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int write_elf64_header(DumpState *s)
+{
+    Elf64_Ehdr elf_header;
+    int ret;
+    int endian = s->dump_info.d_endian;
+
+    memset(&elf_header, 0, sizeof(Elf64_Ehdr));
+    memcpy(&elf_header, ELFMAG, SELFMAG);
+    elf_header.e_ident[EI_CLASS] = ELFCLASS64;
+    elf_header.e_ident[EI_DATA] = s->dump_info.d_endian;
+    elf_header.e_ident[EI_VERSION] = EV_CURRENT;
+    elf_header.e_type = cpu_convert_to_target16(ET_CORE, endian);
+    elf_header.e_machine = cpu_convert_to_target16(s->dump_info.d_machine,
+                                                   endian);
+    elf_header.e_version = cpu_convert_to_target32(EV_CURRENT, endian);
+    elf_header.e_ehsize = cpu_convert_to_target16(sizeof(elf_header), endian);
+    elf_header.e_phoff = cpu_convert_to_target64(sizeof(Elf64_Ehdr), endian);
+    elf_header.e_phentsize = cpu_convert_to_target16(sizeof(Elf64_Phdr),
+                                                     endian);
+    elf_header.e_phnum = cpu_convert_to_target16(s->phdr_num, endian);
+    if (s->have_section) {
+        uint64_t shoff = sizeof(Elf64_Ehdr) + sizeof(Elf64_Phdr) * s->sh_info;
+
+        elf_header.e_shoff = cpu_convert_to_target64(shoff, endian);
+        elf_header.e_shentsize = cpu_convert_to_target16(sizeof(Elf64_Shdr),
+                                                         endian);
+        elf_header.e_shnum = cpu_convert_to_target16(1, endian);
+    }
+
+    ret = fd_write_vmcore(&elf_header, sizeof(elf_header), s);
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        dump_error(s, "dump: failed to write elf header.\n");
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int write_elf32_header(DumpState *s)
+{
+    Elf32_Ehdr elf_header;
+    int ret;
+    int endian = s->dump_info.d_endian;
+
+    memset(&elf_header, 0, sizeof(Elf32_Ehdr));
+    memcpy(&elf_header, ELFMAG, SELFMAG);
+    elf_header.e_ident[EI_CLASS] = ELFCLASS32;
+    elf_header.e_ident[EI_DATA] = endian;
+    elf_header.e_ident[EI_VERSION] = EV_CURRENT;
+    elf_header.e_type = cpu_convert_to_target16(ET_CORE, endian);
+    elf_header.e_machine = cpu_convert_to_target16(s->dump_info.d_machine,
+                                                   endian);
+    elf_header.e_version = cpu_convert_to_target32(EV_CURRENT, endian);
+    elf_header.e_ehsize = cpu_convert_to_target16(sizeof(elf_header), endian);
+    elf_header.e_phoff = cpu_convert_to_target32(sizeof(Elf32_Ehdr), endian);
+    elf_header.e_phentsize = cpu_convert_to_target16(sizeof(Elf32_Phdr),
+                                                     endian);
+    elf_header.e_phnum = cpu_convert_to_target16(s->phdr_num, endian);
+    if (s->have_section) {
+        uint32_t shoff = sizeof(Elf32_Ehdr) + sizeof(Elf32_Phdr) * s->sh_info;
+
+        elf_header.e_shoff = cpu_convert_to_target32(shoff, endian);
+        elf_header.e_shentsize = cpu_convert_to_target16(sizeof(Elf32_Shdr),
+                                                         endian);
+        elf_header.e_shnum = cpu_convert_to_target16(1, endian);
+    }
+
+    ret = fd_write_vmcore(&elf_header, sizeof(elf_header), s);
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        dump_error(s, "dump: failed to write elf header.\n");
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int write_elf64_load(DumpState *s, MemoryMapping *memory_mapping,
+                            int phdr_index, target_phys_addr_t offset)
+{
+    Elf64_Phdr phdr;
+    int ret;
+    int endian = s->dump_info.d_endian;
+
+    memset(&phdr, 0, sizeof(Elf64_Phdr));
+    phdr.p_type = cpu_convert_to_target32(PT_LOAD, endian);
+    phdr.p_offset = cpu_convert_to_target64(offset, endian);
+    phdr.p_paddr = cpu_convert_to_target64(memory_mapping->phys_addr, endian);
+    if (offset == -1) {
+        /* When the memory is not stored into vmcore, offset will be -1 */
+        phdr.p_filesz = 0;
+    } else {
+        phdr.p_filesz = cpu_convert_to_target64(memory_mapping->length, endian);
+    }
+    phdr.p_memsz = cpu_convert_to_target64(memory_mapping->length, endian);
+    phdr.p_vaddr = cpu_convert_to_target64(memory_mapping->virt_addr, endian);
+
+    ret = fd_write_vmcore(&phdr, sizeof(Elf64_Phdr), s);
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        dump_error(s, "dump: failed to write program header table.\n");
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int write_elf32_load(DumpState *s, MemoryMapping *memory_mapping,
+                            int phdr_index, target_phys_addr_t offset)
+{
+    Elf32_Phdr phdr;
+    int ret;
+    int endian = s->dump_info.d_endian;
+
+    memset(&phdr, 0, sizeof(Elf32_Phdr));
+    phdr.p_type = cpu_convert_to_target32(PT_LOAD, endian);
+    phdr.p_offset = cpu_convert_to_target32(offset, endian);
+    phdr.p_paddr = cpu_convert_to_target32(memory_mapping->phys_addr, endian);
+    if (offset == -1) {
+        /* When the memory is not stored into vmcore, offset will be -1 */
+        phdr.p_filesz = 0;
+    } else {
+        phdr.p_filesz = cpu_convert_to_target32(memory_mapping->length, endian);
+    }
+    phdr.p_memsz = cpu_convert_to_target32(memory_mapping->length, endian);
+    phdr.p_vaddr = cpu_convert_to_target32(memory_mapping->virt_addr, endian);
+
+    ret = fd_write_vmcore(&phdr, sizeof(Elf32_Phdr), s);
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        dump_error(s, "dump: failed to write program header table.\n");
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int write_elf64_note(DumpState *s)
+{
+    Elf64_Phdr phdr;
+    int endian = s->dump_info.d_endian;
+    target_phys_addr_t begin = s->memory_offset - s->note_size;
+    int ret;
+
+    memset(&phdr, 0, sizeof(Elf64_Phdr));
+    phdr.p_type = cpu_convert_to_target32(PT_NOTE, endian);
+    phdr.p_offset = cpu_convert_to_target64(begin, endian);
+    phdr.p_paddr = 0;
+    phdr.p_filesz = cpu_convert_to_target64(s->note_size, endian);
+    phdr.p_memsz = cpu_convert_to_target64(s->note_size, endian);
+    phdr.p_vaddr = 0;
+
+    ret = fd_write_vmcore(&phdr, sizeof(Elf64_Phdr), s);
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        dump_error(s, "dump: failed to write program header table.\n");
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int write_elf64_notes(DumpState *s)
+{
+    CPUArchState *env;
+    int ret;
+    int id;
+
+    for (env = first_cpu; env != NULL; env = env->next_cpu) {
+        id = cpu_index(env);
+        ret = cpu_write_elf64_note(fd_write_vmcore, env, id, s);
+        if (ret < 0) {
+            dump_error(s, "dump: failed to write elf notes.\n");
+            return -1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    for (env = first_cpu; env != NULL; env = env->next_cpu) {
+        ret = cpu_write_elf64_qemunote(fd_write_vmcore, env, s);
+        if (ret < 0) {
+            dump_error(s, "dump: failed to write CPU status.\n");
+            return -1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int write_elf32_note(DumpState *s)
+{
+    target_phys_addr_t begin = s->memory_offset - s->note_size;
+    Elf32_Phdr phdr;
+    int endian = s->dump_info.d_endian;
+    int ret;
+
+    memset(&phdr, 0, sizeof(Elf32_Phdr));
+    phdr.p_type = cpu_convert_to_target32(PT_NOTE, endian);
+    phdr.p_offset = cpu_convert_to_target32(begin, endian);
+    phdr.p_paddr = 0;
+    phdr.p_filesz = cpu_convert_to_target32(s->note_size, endian);
+    phdr.p_memsz = cpu_convert_to_target32(s->note_size, endian);
+    phdr.p_vaddr = 0;
+
+    ret = fd_write_vmcore(&phdr, sizeof(Elf32_Phdr), s);
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        dump_error(s, "dump: failed to write program header table.\n");
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int write_elf32_notes(DumpState *s)
+{
+    CPUArchState *env;
+    int ret;
+    int id;
+
+    for (env = first_cpu; env != NULL; env = env->next_cpu) {
+        id = cpu_index(env);
+        ret = cpu_write_elf32_note(fd_write_vmcore, env, id, s);
+        if (ret < 0) {
+            dump_error(s, "dump: failed to write elf notes.\n");
+            return -1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    for (env = first_cpu; env != NULL; env = env->next_cpu) {
+        ret = cpu_write_elf32_qemunote(fd_write_vmcore, env, s);
+        if (ret < 0) {
+            dump_error(s, "dump: failed to write CPU status.\n");
+            return -1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int write_elf_section(DumpState *s, int type)
+{
+    Elf32_Shdr shdr32;
+    Elf64_Shdr shdr64;
+    int endian = s->dump_info.d_endian;
+    int shdr_size;
+    void *shdr;
+    int ret;
+
+    if (type == 0) {
+        shdr_size = sizeof(Elf32_Shdr);
+        memset(&shdr32, 0, shdr_size);
+        shdr32.sh_info = cpu_convert_to_target32(s->sh_info, endian);
+        shdr = &shdr32;
+    } else {
+        shdr_size = sizeof(Elf64_Shdr);
+        memset(&shdr64, 0, shdr_size);
+        shdr64.sh_info = cpu_convert_to_target32(s->sh_info, endian);
+        shdr = &shdr64;
+    }
+
+    ret = fd_write_vmcore(&shdr, shdr_size, s);
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        dump_error(s, "dump: failed to write section header table.\n");
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int write_data(DumpState *s, void *buf, int length)
+{
+    int ret;
+
+    ret = fd_write_vmcore(buf, length, s);
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        dump_error(s, "dump: failed to save memory.\n");
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/* write the memroy to vmcore. 1 page per I/O. */
+static int write_memory(DumpState *s, RAMBlock *block, ram_addr_t start,
+                        int64_t size)
+{
+    int64_t i;
+    int ret;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < size / TARGET_PAGE_SIZE; i++) {
+        ret = write_data(s, block->host + start + i * TARGET_PAGE_SIZE,
+                         TARGET_PAGE_SIZE);
+        if (ret < 0) {
+            return ret;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if ((size % TARGET_PAGE_SIZE) != 0) {
+        ret = write_data(s, block->host + start + i * TARGET_PAGE_SIZE,
+                         size % TARGET_PAGE_SIZE);
+        if (ret < 0) {
+            return ret;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/* get the memory's offset in the vmcore */
+static target_phys_addr_t get_offset(target_phys_addr_t phys_addr,
+                                     DumpState *s)
+{
+    RAMBlock *block;
+    target_phys_addr_t offset = s->memory_offset;
+    int64_t size_in_block, start;
+
+    if (s->has_filter) {
+        if (phys_addr < s->begin || phys_addr >= s->begin + s->length) {
+            return -1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    QLIST_FOREACH(block, &ram_list.blocks, next) {
+        if (s->has_filter) {
+            if (block->offset >= s->begin + s->length ||
+                block->offset + block->length <= s->begin) {
+                /* This block is out of the range */
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            if (s->begin <= block->offset) {
+                start = block->offset;
+            } else {
+                start = s->begin;
+            }
+
+            size_in_block = block->length - (start - block->offset);
+            if (s->begin + s->length < block->offset + block->length) {
+                size_in_block -= block->offset + block->length -
+                                 (s->begin + s->length);
+            }
+        } else {
+            start = block->offset;
+            size_in_block = block->length;
+        }
+
+        if (phys_addr >= start && phys_addr < start + size_in_block) {
+            return phys_addr - start + offset;
+        }
+
+        offset += size_in_block;
+    }
+
+    return -1;
+}
+
+static int write_elf_loads(DumpState *s)
+{
+    target_phys_addr_t offset;
+    MemoryMapping *memory_mapping;
+    uint32_t phdr_index = 1;
+    int ret;
+    uint32_t max_index;
+
+    if (s->have_section) {
+        max_index = s->sh_info;
+    } else {
+        max_index = s->phdr_num;
+    }
+
+    QTAILQ_FOREACH(memory_mapping, &s->list.head, next) {
+        offset = get_offset(memory_mapping->phys_addr, s);
+        if (s->dump_info.d_class == ELFCLASS64) {
+            ret = write_elf64_load(s, memory_mapping, phdr_index++, offset);
+        } else {
+            ret = write_elf32_load(s, memory_mapping, phdr_index++, offset);
+        }
+
+        if (ret < 0) {
+            return -1;
+        }
+
+        if (phdr_index >= max_index) {
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/* write elf header, PT_NOTE and elf note to vmcore. */
+static int dump_begin(DumpState *s)
+{
+    int ret;
+
+    /*
+     * the vmcore's format is:
+     *   --------------
+     *   |  elf header |
+     *   --------------
+     *   |  PT_NOTE    |
+     *   --------------
+     *   |  PT_LOAD    |
+     *   --------------
+     *   |  ......     |
+     *   --------------
+     *   |  PT_LOAD    |
+     *   --------------
+     *   |  sec_hdr    |
+     *   --------------
+     *   |  elf note   |
+     *   --------------
+     *   |  memory     |
+     *   --------------
+     *
+     * we only know where the memory is saved after we write elf note into
+     * vmcore.
+     */
+
+    /* write elf header to vmcore */
+    if (s->dump_info.d_class == ELFCLASS64) {
+        ret = write_elf64_header(s);
+    } else {
+        ret = write_elf32_header(s);
+    }
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    if (s->dump_info.d_class == ELFCLASS64) {
+        /* write PT_NOTE to vmcore */
+        if (write_elf64_note(s) < 0) {
+            return -1;
+        }
+
+        /* write all PT_LOAD to vmcore */
+        if (write_elf_loads(s) < 0) {
+            return -1;
+        }
+
+        /* write section to vmcore */
+        if (s->have_section) {
+            if (write_elf_section(s, 1) < 0) {
+                return -1;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /* write notes to vmcore */
+        if (write_elf64_notes(s) < 0) {
+            return -1;
+        }
+
+    } else {
+        /* write PT_NOTE to vmcore */
+        if (write_elf32_note(s) < 0) {
+            return -1;
+        }
+
+        /* write all PT_LOAD to vmcore */
+        if (write_elf_loads(s) < 0) {
+            return -1;
+        }
+
+        /* write section to vmcore */
+        if (s->have_section) {
+            if (write_elf_section(s, 0) < 0) {
+                return -1;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /* write notes to vmcore */
+        if (write_elf32_notes(s) < 0) {
+            return -1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/* write PT_LOAD to vmcore */
+static int dump_completed(DumpState *s)
+{
+    dump_cleanup(s);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int get_next_block(DumpState *s, RAMBlock *block)
+{
+    while (1) {
+        block = QLIST_NEXT(block, next);
+        if (!block) {
+            /* no more block */
+            return 1;
+        }
+
+        s->start = 0;
+        s->block = block;
+        if (s->has_filter) {
+            if (block->offset >= s->begin + s->length ||
+                block->offset + block->length <= s->begin) {
+                /* This block is out of the range */
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            if (s->begin > block->offset) {
+                s->start = s->begin - block->offset;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return 0;
+    }
+}
+
+/* write all memory to vmcore */
+static int dump_iterate(DumpState *s)
+{
+    RAMBlock *block;
+    int64_t size;
+    int ret;
+
+    while (1) {
+        block = s->block;
+
+        size = block->length;
+        if (s->has_filter) {
+            size -= s->start;
+            if (s->begin + s->length < block->offset + block->length) {
+                size -= block->offset + block->length - (s->begin + s->length);
+            }
+        }
+        ret = write_memory(s, block, s->start, size);
+        if (ret == -1) {
+            return ret;
+        }
+
+        ret = get_next_block(s, block);
+        if (ret == 1) {
+            dump_completed(s);
+            return 0;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+static int create_vmcore(DumpState *s)
+{
+    int ret;
+
+    ret = dump_begin(s);
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    ret = dump_iterate(s);
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static ram_addr_t get_start_block(DumpState *s)
+{
+    RAMBlock *block;
+
+    if (!s->has_filter) {
+        s->block = QLIST_FIRST(&ram_list.blocks);
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    QLIST_FOREACH(block, &ram_list.blocks, next) {
+        if (block->offset >= s->begin + s->length ||
+            block->offset + block->length <= s->begin) {
+            /* This block is out of the range */
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        s->block = block;
+        if (s->begin > block->offset) {
+            s->start = s->begin - block->offset;
+        } else {
+            s->start = 0;
+        }
+        return s->start;
+    }
+
+    return -1;
+}
+
+static int dump_init(DumpState *s, int fd, bool paging, bool has_filter,
+                     int64_t begin, int64_t length, Error **errp)
+{
+    CPUArchState *env;
+    int nr_cpus;
+    int ret;
+
+    if (runstate_is_running()) {
+        vm_stop(RUN_STATE_SAVE_VM);
+        s->resume = true;
+    } else {
+        s->resume = false;
+    }
+
+    s->errp = errp;
+    s->fd = fd;
+    s->has_filter = has_filter;
+    s->begin = begin;
+    s->length = length;
+    s->start = get_start_block(s);
+    if (s->start == -1) {
+        error_set(errp, QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER, "begin");
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * get dump info: endian, class and architecture.
+     * If the target architecture is not supported, cpu_get_dump_info() will
+     * return -1.
+     *
+     * if we use kvm, we should synchronize the register before we get dump
+     * info.
+     */
+    nr_cpus = 0;
+    for (env = first_cpu; env != NULL; env = env->next_cpu) {
+        cpu_synchronize_state(env);
+        nr_cpus++;
+    }
+
+    ret = cpu_get_dump_info(&s->dump_info);
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        error_set(errp, QERR_UNSUPPORTED);
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+    /* get memory mapping */
+    memory_mapping_list_init(&s->list);
+    if (paging) {
+        qemu_get_guest_memory_mapping(&s->list);
+    } else {
+        qemu_get_guest_simple_memory_mapping(&s->list);
+    }
+
+    if (s->has_filter) {
+        memory_mapping_filter(&s->list, s->begin, s->length);
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * calculate phdr_num
+     *
+     * the type of ehdr->e_phnum is uint16_t, so we should avoid overflow
+     */
+    s->phdr_num = 1; /* PT_NOTE */
+    if (s->list.num < UINT16_MAX - 2) {
+        s->phdr_num += s->list.num;
+        s->have_section = false;
+    } else {
+        s->have_section = true;
+        s->phdr_num = PN_XNUM;
+        s->sh_info = 1; /* PT_NOTE */
+
+        /* the type of shdr->sh_info is uint32_t, so we should avoid overflow */
+        if (s->list.num <= UINT32_MAX - 1) {
+            s->sh_info += s->list.num;
+        } else {
+            s->sh_info = UINT32_MAX;
+        }
+    }
+
+    s->note_size = cpu_get_note_size(s->dump_info.d_class,
+                                     s->dump_info.d_machine, nr_cpus);
+    if (s->dump_info.d_class == ELFCLASS64) {
+        if (s->have_section) {
+            s->memory_offset = sizeof(Elf64_Ehdr) +
+                               sizeof(Elf64_Phdr) * s->sh_info +
+                               sizeof(Elf64_Shdr) + s->note_size;
+        } else {
+            s->memory_offset = sizeof(Elf64_Ehdr) +
+                               sizeof(Elf64_Phdr) * s->phdr_num + s->note_size;
+        }
+    } else {
+        if (s->have_section) {
+            s->memory_offset = sizeof(Elf32_Ehdr) +
+                               sizeof(Elf32_Phdr) * s->sh_info +
+                               sizeof(Elf32_Shdr) + s->note_size;
+        } else {
+            s->memory_offset = sizeof(Elf32_Ehdr) +
+                               sizeof(Elf32_Phdr) * s->phdr_num + s->note_size;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+
+cleanup:
+    if (s->resume) {
+        vm_start();
+    }
+
+    return -1;
+}
+
+void qmp_dump_guest_memory(bool paging, const char *file, bool has_begin,
+                           int64_t begin, bool has_length, int64_t length,
+                           Error **errp)
+{
+    const char *p;
+    int fd = -1;
+    DumpState *s;
+    int ret;
+
+    if (has_begin && !has_length) {
+        error_set(errp, QERR_MISSING_PARAMETER, "length");
+        return;
+    }
+    if (!has_begin && has_length) {
+        error_set(errp, QERR_MISSING_PARAMETER, "begin");
+        return;
+    }
+
+#if !defined(WIN32)
+    if (strstart(file, "fd:", &p)) {
+        fd = monitor_get_fd(cur_mon, p);
+        if (fd == -1) {
+            error_set(errp, QERR_FD_NOT_FOUND, p);
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+#endif
+
+    if  (strstart(file, "file:", &p)) {
+        fd = qemu_open(p, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC | O_BINARY, S_IRUSR);
+        if (fd < 0) {
+            error_set(errp, QERR_OPEN_FILE_FAILED, p);
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (fd == -1) {
+        error_set(errp, QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER, "protocol");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    s = g_malloc(sizeof(DumpState));
+
+    ret = dump_init(s, fd, paging, has_begin, begin, length, errp);
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        g_free(s);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if (create_vmcore(s) < 0 && !error_is_set(s->errp)) {
+        error_set(errp, QERR_IO_ERROR);
+    }
+
+    g_free(s);
+}
+
+#else
+/* we need this function in hmp.c */
+void qmp_dump_guest_memory(bool paging, const char *file, bool has_begin,
+                           int64_t begin, bool has_length, int64_t length,
+                           Error **errp)
+{
+    error_set(errp, QERR_UNSUPPORTED);
+}
+#endif
diff --git a/dump.h b/dump.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..28340cf271
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dump.h
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+/*
+ * QEMU dump
+ *
+ * Copyright Fujitsu, Corp. 2011, 2012
+ *
+ * Authors:
+ *     Wen Congyang <wency@cn.fujitsu.com>
+ *
+ * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2. See
+ * the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
+ *
+ */
+
+#ifndef DUMP_H
+#define DUMP_H
+
+typedef struct ArchDumpInfo {
+    int d_machine;  /* Architecture */
+    int d_endian;   /* ELFDATA2LSB or ELFDATA2MSB */
+    int d_class;    /* ELFCLASS32 or ELFCLASS64 */
+} ArchDumpInfo;
+
+#endif
diff --git a/elf.h b/elf.h
index e1422b81ee..9c9acfaf75 100644
--- a/elf.h
+++ b/elf.h
@@ -1037,6 +1037,11 @@ typedef struct elf64_sym {
 
 #define EI_NIDENT	16
 
+/* Special value for e_phnum.  This indicates that the real number of
+   program headers is too large to fit into e_phnum.  Instead the real
+   value is in the field sh_info of section 0.  */
+#define PN_XNUM         0xffff
+
 typedef struct elf32_hdr{
   unsigned char	e_ident[EI_NIDENT];
   Elf32_Half	e_type;
diff --git a/exec.c b/exec.c
index a0494c72bf..1b65859e50 100644
--- a/exec.c
+++ b/exec.c
@@ -4336,3 +4336,15 @@ bool virtio_is_big_endian(void)
 }
 
 #endif
+
+#ifndef CONFIG_USER_ONLY
+bool cpu_physical_memory_is_io(target_phys_addr_t phys_addr)
+{
+    MemoryRegionSection *section;
+
+    section = phys_page_find(phys_addr >> TARGET_PAGE_BITS);
+
+    return !(memory_region_is_ram(section->mr) ||
+             memory_region_is_romd(section->mr));
+}
+#endif
diff --git a/gdbstub.c b/gdbstub.c
index 6a77a6696b..08cf8645d7 100644
--- a/gdbstub.c
+++ b/gdbstub.c
@@ -1937,21 +1937,12 @@ static void gdb_set_cpu_pc(GDBState *s, target_ulong pc)
 #endif
 }
 
-static inline int gdb_id(CPUArchState *env)
-{
-#if defined(CONFIG_USER_ONLY) && defined(CONFIG_USE_NPTL)
-    return env->host_tid;
-#else
-    return env->cpu_index + 1;
-#endif
-}
-
 static CPUArchState *find_cpu(uint32_t thread_id)
 {
     CPUArchState *env;
 
     for (env = first_cpu; env != NULL; env = env->next_cpu) {
-        if (gdb_id(env) == thread_id) {
+        if (cpu_index(env) == thread_id) {
             return env;
         }
     }
@@ -1979,7 +1970,7 @@ static int gdb_handle_packet(GDBState *s, const char *line_buf)
     case '?':
         /* TODO: Make this return the correct value for user-mode.  */
         snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "T%02xthread:%02x;", GDB_SIGNAL_TRAP,
-                 gdb_id(s->c_cpu));
+                 cpu_index(s->c_cpu));
         put_packet(s, buf);
         /* Remove all the breakpoints when this query is issued,
          * because gdb is doing and initial connect and the state
@@ -2274,7 +2265,7 @@ static int gdb_handle_packet(GDBState *s, const char *line_buf)
         } else if (strcmp(p,"sThreadInfo") == 0) {
         report_cpuinfo:
             if (s->query_cpu) {
-                snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "m%x", gdb_id(s->query_cpu));
+                snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "m%x", cpu_index(s->query_cpu));
                 put_packet(s, buf);
                 s->query_cpu = s->query_cpu->next_cpu;
             } else
@@ -2422,7 +2413,7 @@ static void gdb_vm_state_change(void *opaque, int running, RunState state)
             }
             snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf),
                      "T%02xthread:%02x;%swatch:" TARGET_FMT_lx ";",
-                     GDB_SIGNAL_TRAP, gdb_id(env), type,
+                     GDB_SIGNAL_TRAP, cpu_index(env), type,
                      env->watchpoint_hit->vaddr);
             env->watchpoint_hit = NULL;
             goto send_packet;
@@ -2455,7 +2446,7 @@ static void gdb_vm_state_change(void *opaque, int running, RunState state)
         ret = GDB_SIGNAL_UNKNOWN;
         break;
     }
-    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "T%02xthread:%02x;", ret, gdb_id(env));
+    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "T%02xthread:%02x;", ret, cpu_index(env));
 
 send_packet:
     put_packet(s, buf);
diff --git a/gdbstub.h b/gdbstub.h
index b44e27523a..668de66000 100644
--- a/gdbstub.h
+++ b/gdbstub.h
@@ -30,6 +30,15 @@ void gdb_register_coprocessor(CPUArchState *env,
                               gdb_reg_cb get_reg, gdb_reg_cb set_reg,
                               int num_regs, const char *xml, int g_pos);
 
+static inline int cpu_index(CPUArchState *env)
+{
+#if defined(CONFIG_USER_ONLY) && defined(CONFIG_USE_NPTL)
+    return env->host_tid;
+#else
+    return env->cpu_index + 1;
+#endif
+}
+
 #endif
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_USER_ONLY
diff --git a/hmp-commands.hx b/hmp-commands.hx
index 18cb415ac4..f5d9d91de8 100644
--- a/hmp-commands.hx
+++ b/hmp-commands.hx
@@ -878,6 +878,34 @@ server will ask the spice/vnc client to automatically reconnect using the
 new parameters (if specified) once the vm migration finished successfully.
 ETEXI
 
+#if defined(CONFIG_HAVE_CORE_DUMP)
+    {
+        .name       = "dump-guest-memory",
+        .args_type  = "paging:-p,protocol:s,begin:i?,length:i?",
+        .params     = "[-p] protocol [begin] [length]",
+        .help       = "dump guest memory to file"
+                      "\n\t\t\t begin(optional): the starting physical address"
+                      "\n\t\t\t length(optional): the memory size, in bytes",
+        .user_print = monitor_user_noop,
+        .mhandler.cmd = hmp_dump_guest_memory,
+    },
+
+
+STEXI
+@item dump-guest-memory [-p] @var{protocol} @var{begin} @var{length}
+@findex dump-guest-memory
+Dump guest memory to @var{protocol}. The file can be processed with crash or
+gdb.
+  protocol: destination file(started with "file:") or destination file
+            descriptor (started with "fd:")
+    paging: do paging to get guest's memory mapping
+     begin: the starting physical address. It's optional, and should be
+            specified with length together.
+    length: the memory size, in bytes. It's optional, and should be specified
+            with begin together.
+ETEXI
+#endif
+
     {
         .name       = "snapshot_blkdev",
         .args_type  = "reuse:-n,device:B,snapshot-file:s?,format:s?",
@@ -1009,8 +1037,7 @@ ETEXI
         .args_type  = "netdev:O",
         .params     = "[user|tap|socket],id=str[,prop=value][,...]",
         .help       = "add host network device",
-        .user_print = monitor_user_noop,
-        .mhandler.cmd_new = do_netdev_add,
+        .mhandler.cmd = hmp_netdev_add,
     },
 
 STEXI
@@ -1024,8 +1051,7 @@ ETEXI
         .args_type  = "id:s",
         .params     = "id",
         .help       = "remove host network device",
-        .user_print = monitor_user_noop,
-        .mhandler.cmd_new = do_netdev_del,
+        .mhandler.cmd = hmp_netdev_del,
     },
 
 STEXI
diff --git a/hmp.c b/hmp.c
index bb0952e00b..2ce8cb9df1 100644
--- a/hmp.c
+++ b/hmp.c
@@ -14,6 +14,8 @@
  */
 
 #include "hmp.h"
+#include "net.h"
+#include "qemu-option.h"
 #include "qemu-timer.h"
 #include "qmp-commands.h"
 
@@ -947,3 +949,53 @@ void hmp_device_del(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict)
     qmp_device_del(id, &err);
     hmp_handle_error(mon, &err);
 }
+
+void hmp_dump_guest_memory(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict)
+{
+    Error *errp = NULL;
+    int paging = qdict_get_try_bool(qdict, "paging", 0);
+    const char *file = qdict_get_str(qdict, "protocol");
+    bool has_begin = qdict_haskey(qdict, "begin");
+    bool has_length = qdict_haskey(qdict, "length");
+    int64_t begin = 0;
+    int64_t length = 0;
+
+    if (has_begin) {
+        begin = qdict_get_int(qdict, "begin");
+    }
+    if (has_length) {
+        length = qdict_get_int(qdict, "length");
+    }
+
+    qmp_dump_guest_memory(paging, file, has_begin, begin, has_length, length,
+                          &errp);
+    hmp_handle_error(mon, &errp);
+}
+
+void hmp_netdev_add(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict)
+{
+    Error *err = NULL;
+    QemuOpts *opts;
+
+    opts = qemu_opts_from_qdict(qemu_find_opts("netdev"), qdict, &err);
+    if (error_is_set(&err)) {
+        goto out;
+    }
+
+    netdev_add(opts, &err);
+    if (error_is_set(&err)) {
+        qemu_opts_del(opts);
+    }
+
+out:
+    hmp_handle_error(mon, &err);
+}
+
+void hmp_netdev_del(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict)
+{
+    const char *id = qdict_get_str(qdict, "id");
+    Error *err = NULL;
+
+    qmp_netdev_del(id, &err);
+    hmp_handle_error(mon, &err);
+}
diff --git a/hmp.h b/hmp.h
index 443b812923..79d138d3ee 100644
--- a/hmp.h
+++ b/hmp.h
@@ -61,5 +61,8 @@ void hmp_block_job_set_speed(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict);
 void hmp_block_job_cancel(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict);
 void hmp_migrate(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict);
 void hmp_device_del(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict);
+void hmp_dump_guest_memory(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict);
+void hmp_netdev_add(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict);
+void hmp_netdev_del(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/hw/pci-hotplug.c b/hw/pci-hotplug.c
index c55d8b9396..61257f457b 100644
--- a/hw/pci-hotplug.c
+++ b/hw/pci-hotplug.c
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ static PCIDevice *qemu_pci_hot_add_nic(Monitor *mon,
                                        const char *devaddr,
                                        const char *opts_str)
 {
+    Error *local_err = NULL;
     QemuOpts *opts;
     PCIBus *bus;
     int ret, devfn;
@@ -60,9 +61,12 @@ static PCIDevice *qemu_pci_hot_add_nic(Monitor *mon,
 
     qemu_opt_set(opts, "type", "nic");
 
-    ret = net_client_init(mon, opts, 0);
-    if (ret < 0)
+    ret = net_client_init(opts, 0, &local_err);
+    if (error_is_set(&local_err)) {
+        qerror_report_err(local_err);
+        error_free(local_err);
         return NULL;
+    }
     if (nd_table[ret].devaddr) {
         monitor_printf(mon, "Parameter addr not supported\n");
         return NULL;
diff --git a/hw/qdev-monitor.c b/hw/qdev-monitor.c
index eed781d2f0..b01ef0600e 100644
--- a/hw/qdev-monitor.c
+++ b/hw/qdev-monitor.c
@@ -554,10 +554,13 @@ void do_info_qdm(Monitor *mon)
 
 int do_device_add(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict, QObject **ret_data)
 {
+    Error *local_err = NULL;
     QemuOpts *opts;
 
-    opts = qemu_opts_from_qdict(qemu_find_opts("device"), qdict);
-    if (!opts) {
+    opts = qemu_opts_from_qdict(qemu_find_opts("device"), qdict, &local_err);
+    if (error_is_set(&local_err)) {
+        qerror_report_err(local_err);
+        error_free(local_err);
         return -1;
     }
     if (!monitor_cur_is_qmp() && qdev_device_help(opts)) {
diff --git a/hw/usb/dev-network.c b/hw/usb/dev-network.c
index b238a0973d..5d2f0982c9 100644
--- a/hw/usb/dev-network.c
+++ b/hw/usb/dev-network.c
@@ -1356,6 +1356,7 @@ static int usb_net_initfn(USBDevice *dev)
 
 static USBDevice *usb_net_init(USBBus *bus, const char *cmdline)
 {
+    Error *local_err = NULL;
     USBDevice *dev;
     QemuOpts *opts;
     int idx;
@@ -1367,8 +1368,10 @@ static USBDevice *usb_net_init(USBBus *bus, const char *cmdline)
     qemu_opt_set(opts, "type", "nic");
     qemu_opt_set(opts, "model", "usb");
 
-    idx = net_client_init(NULL, opts, 0);
-    if (idx == -1) {
+    idx = net_client_init(opts, 0, &local_err);
+    if (error_is_set(&local_err)) {
+        qerror_report_err(local_err);
+        error_free(local_err);
         return NULL;
     }
 
diff --git a/hw/usb/dev-storage.c b/hw/usb/dev-storage.c
index ae22fb1c97..a96c0b9e5e 100644
--- a/hw/usb/dev-storage.c
+++ b/hw/usb/dev-storage.c
@@ -584,7 +584,7 @@ static USBDevice *usb_msd_init(USBBus *bus, const char *filename)
 
     /* parse -usbdevice disk: syntax into drive opts */
     snprintf(id, sizeof(id), "usb%d", nr++);
-    opts = qemu_opts_create(qemu_find_opts("drive"), id, 0);
+    opts = qemu_opts_create(qemu_find_opts("drive"), id, 0, NULL);
 
     p1 = strchr(filename, ':');
     if (p1++) {
diff --git a/hw/watchdog.c b/hw/watchdog.c
index 4c18965654..a42124d520 100644
--- a/hw/watchdog.c
+++ b/hw/watchdog.c
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ int select_watchdog(const char *p)
     QLIST_FOREACH(model, &watchdog_list, entry) {
         if (strcasecmp(model->wdt_name, p) == 0) {
             /* add the device */
-            opts = qemu_opts_create(qemu_find_opts("device"), NULL, 0);
+            opts = qemu_opts_create(qemu_find_opts("device"), NULL, 0, NULL);
             qemu_opt_set(opts, "driver", p);
             return 0;
         }
diff --git a/memory_mapping.c b/memory_mapping.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8810bb09e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/memory_mapping.c
@@ -0,0 +1,249 @@
+/*
+ * QEMU memory mapping
+ *
+ * Copyright Fujitsu, Corp. 2011, 2012
+ *
+ * Authors:
+ *     Wen Congyang <wency@cn.fujitsu.com>
+ *
+ * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2. See
+ * the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include "cpu.h"
+#include "cpu-all.h"
+#include "memory_mapping.h"
+
+static void memory_mapping_list_add_mapping_sorted(MemoryMappingList *list,
+                                                   MemoryMapping *mapping)
+{
+    MemoryMapping *p;
+
+    QTAILQ_FOREACH(p, &list->head, next) {
+        if (p->phys_addr >= mapping->phys_addr) {
+            QTAILQ_INSERT_BEFORE(p, mapping, next);
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+    QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&list->head, mapping, next);
+}
+
+static void create_new_memory_mapping(MemoryMappingList *list,
+                                      target_phys_addr_t phys_addr,
+                                      target_phys_addr_t virt_addr,
+                                      ram_addr_t length)
+{
+    MemoryMapping *memory_mapping;
+
+    memory_mapping = g_malloc(sizeof(MemoryMapping));
+    memory_mapping->phys_addr = phys_addr;
+    memory_mapping->virt_addr = virt_addr;
+    memory_mapping->length = length;
+    list->last_mapping = memory_mapping;
+    list->num++;
+    memory_mapping_list_add_mapping_sorted(list, memory_mapping);
+}
+
+static inline bool mapping_contiguous(MemoryMapping *map,
+                                      target_phys_addr_t phys_addr,
+                                      target_phys_addr_t virt_addr)
+{
+    return phys_addr == map->phys_addr + map->length &&
+           virt_addr == map->virt_addr + map->length;
+}
+
+/*
+ * [map->phys_addr, map->phys_addr + map->length) and
+ * [phys_addr, phys_addr + length) have intersection?
+ */
+static inline bool mapping_have_same_region(MemoryMapping *map,
+                                            target_phys_addr_t phys_addr,
+                                            ram_addr_t length)
+{
+    return !(phys_addr + length < map->phys_addr ||
+             phys_addr >= map->phys_addr + map->length);
+}
+
+/*
+ * [map->phys_addr, map->phys_addr + map->length) and
+ * [phys_addr, phys_addr + length) have intersection. The virtual address in the
+ * intersection are the same?
+ */
+static inline bool mapping_conflict(MemoryMapping *map,
+                                    target_phys_addr_t phys_addr,
+                                    target_phys_addr_t virt_addr)
+{
+    return virt_addr - map->virt_addr != phys_addr - map->phys_addr;
+}
+
+/*
+ * [map->virt_addr, map->virt_addr + map->length) and
+ * [virt_addr, virt_addr + length) have intersection. And the physical address
+ * in the intersection are the same.
+ */
+static inline void mapping_merge(MemoryMapping *map,
+                                 target_phys_addr_t virt_addr,
+                                 ram_addr_t length)
+{
+    if (virt_addr < map->virt_addr) {
+        map->length += map->virt_addr - virt_addr;
+        map->virt_addr = virt_addr;
+    }
+
+    if ((virt_addr + length) >
+        (map->virt_addr + map->length)) {
+        map->length = virt_addr + length - map->virt_addr;
+    }
+}
+
+void memory_mapping_list_add_merge_sorted(MemoryMappingList *list,
+                                          target_phys_addr_t phys_addr,
+                                          target_phys_addr_t virt_addr,
+                                          ram_addr_t length)
+{
+    MemoryMapping *memory_mapping, *last_mapping;
+
+    if (QTAILQ_EMPTY(&list->head)) {
+        create_new_memory_mapping(list, phys_addr, virt_addr, length);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    last_mapping = list->last_mapping;
+    if (last_mapping) {
+        if (mapping_contiguous(last_mapping, phys_addr, virt_addr)) {
+            last_mapping->length += length;
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+
+    QTAILQ_FOREACH(memory_mapping, &list->head, next) {
+        if (mapping_contiguous(memory_mapping, phys_addr, virt_addr)) {
+            memory_mapping->length += length;
+            list->last_mapping = memory_mapping;
+            return;
+        }
+
+        if (phys_addr + length < memory_mapping->phys_addr) {
+            /* create a new region before memory_mapping */
+            break;
+        }
+
+        if (mapping_have_same_region(memory_mapping, phys_addr, length)) {
+            if (mapping_conflict(memory_mapping, phys_addr, virt_addr)) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            /* merge this region into memory_mapping */
+            mapping_merge(memory_mapping, virt_addr, length);
+            list->last_mapping = memory_mapping;
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* this region can not be merged into any existed memory mapping. */
+    create_new_memory_mapping(list, phys_addr, virt_addr, length);
+}
+
+void memory_mapping_list_free(MemoryMappingList *list)
+{
+    MemoryMapping *p, *q;
+
+    QTAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(p, &list->head, next, q) {
+        QTAILQ_REMOVE(&list->head, p, next);
+        g_free(p);
+    }
+
+    list->num = 0;
+    list->last_mapping = NULL;
+}
+
+void memory_mapping_list_init(MemoryMappingList *list)
+{
+    list->num = 0;
+    list->last_mapping = NULL;
+    QTAILQ_INIT(&list->head);
+}
+
+#if defined(CONFIG_HAVE_GET_MEMORY_MAPPING)
+
+static CPUArchState *find_paging_enabled_cpu(CPUArchState *start_cpu)
+{
+    CPUArchState *env;
+
+    for (env = start_cpu; env != NULL; env = env->next_cpu) {
+        if (cpu_paging_enabled(env)) {
+            return env;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+int qemu_get_guest_memory_mapping(MemoryMappingList *list)
+{
+    CPUArchState *env, *first_paging_enabled_cpu;
+    RAMBlock *block;
+    ram_addr_t offset, length;
+    int ret;
+
+    first_paging_enabled_cpu = find_paging_enabled_cpu(first_cpu);
+    if (first_paging_enabled_cpu) {
+        for (env = first_paging_enabled_cpu; env != NULL; env = env->next_cpu) {
+            ret = cpu_get_memory_mapping(list, env);
+            if (ret < 0) {
+                return -1;
+            }
+        }
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * If the guest doesn't use paging, the virtual address is equal to physical
+     * address.
+     */
+    QLIST_FOREACH(block, &ram_list.blocks, next) {
+        offset = block->offset;
+        length = block->length;
+        create_new_memory_mapping(list, offset, offset, length);
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+void qemu_get_guest_simple_memory_mapping(MemoryMappingList *list)
+{
+    RAMBlock *block;
+
+    QLIST_FOREACH(block, &ram_list.blocks, next) {
+        create_new_memory_mapping(list, block->offset, 0, block->length);
+    }
+}
+
+void memory_mapping_filter(MemoryMappingList *list, int64_t begin,
+                           int64_t length)
+{
+    MemoryMapping *cur, *next;
+
+    QTAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(cur, &list->head, next, next) {
+        if (cur->phys_addr >= begin + length ||
+            cur->phys_addr + cur->length <= begin) {
+            QTAILQ_REMOVE(&list->head, cur, next);
+            list->num--;
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        if (cur->phys_addr < begin) {
+            cur->length -= begin - cur->phys_addr;
+            if (cur->virt_addr) {
+                cur->virt_addr += begin - cur->phys_addr;
+            }
+            cur->phys_addr = begin;
+        }
+
+        if (cur->phys_addr + cur->length > begin + length) {
+            cur->length -= cur->phys_addr + cur->length - begin - length;
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/memory_mapping.h b/memory_mapping.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a1aa64f4ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/memory_mapping.h
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+/*
+ * QEMU memory mapping
+ *
+ * Copyright Fujitsu, Corp. 2011, 2012
+ *
+ * Authors:
+ *     Wen Congyang <wency@cn.fujitsu.com>
+ *
+ * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2. See
+ * the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
+ *
+ */
+
+#ifndef MEMORY_MAPPING_H
+#define MEMORY_MAPPING_H
+
+#include "qemu-queue.h"
+
+#ifndef CONFIG_USER_ONLY
+/* The physical and virtual address in the memory mapping are contiguous. */
+typedef struct MemoryMapping {
+    target_phys_addr_t phys_addr;
+    target_ulong virt_addr;
+    ram_addr_t length;
+    QTAILQ_ENTRY(MemoryMapping) next;
+} MemoryMapping;
+
+typedef struct MemoryMappingList {
+    unsigned int num;
+    MemoryMapping *last_mapping;
+    QTAILQ_HEAD(, MemoryMapping) head;
+} MemoryMappingList;
+
+/*
+ * add or merge the memory region [phys_addr, phys_addr + length) into the
+ * memory mapping's list. The region's virtual address starts with virt_addr,
+ * and is contiguous. The list is sorted by phys_addr.
+ */
+void memory_mapping_list_add_merge_sorted(MemoryMappingList *list,
+                                          target_phys_addr_t phys_addr,
+                                          target_phys_addr_t virt_addr,
+                                          ram_addr_t length);
+
+void memory_mapping_list_free(MemoryMappingList *list);
+
+void memory_mapping_list_init(MemoryMappingList *list);
+
+/*
+ * Return value:
+ *    0: success
+ *   -1: failed
+ *   -2: unsupported
+ */
+#if defined(CONFIG_HAVE_GET_MEMORY_MAPPING)
+int qemu_get_guest_memory_mapping(MemoryMappingList *list);
+#else
+static inline int qemu_get_guest_memory_mapping(MemoryMappingList *list)
+{
+    return -2;
+}
+#endif
+
+/* get guest's memory mapping without do paging(virtual address is 0). */
+void qemu_get_guest_simple_memory_mapping(MemoryMappingList *list);
+
+void memory_mapping_filter(MemoryMappingList *list, int64_t begin,
+                           int64_t length);
+
+#else
+
+/* We use MemoryMappingList* in cpu-all.h */
+typedef struct MemoryMappingList MemoryMappingList;
+#endif
+#endif
diff --git a/monitor.c b/monitor.c
index 12a6fe25ad..a3bc2c7253 100644
--- a/monitor.c
+++ b/monitor.c
@@ -422,6 +422,30 @@ static void timestamp_put(QDict *qdict)
     qdict_put_obj(qdict, "timestamp", obj);
 }
 
+
+static const char *monitor_event_names[] = {
+    [QEVENT_SHUTDOWN] = "SHUTDOWN",
+    [QEVENT_RESET] = "RESET",
+    [QEVENT_POWERDOWN] = "POWERDOWN",
+    [QEVENT_STOP] = "STOP",
+    [QEVENT_RESUME] = "RESUME",
+    [QEVENT_VNC_CONNECTED] = "VNC_CONNECTED",
+    [QEVENT_VNC_INITIALIZED] = "VNC_INITIALIZED",
+    [QEVENT_VNC_DISCONNECTED] = "VNC_DISCONNECTED",
+    [QEVENT_BLOCK_IO_ERROR] = "BLOCK_IO_ERROR",
+    [QEVENT_RTC_CHANGE] = "RTC_CHANGE",
+    [QEVENT_WATCHDOG] = "WATCHDOG",
+    [QEVENT_SPICE_CONNECTED] = "SPICE_CONNECTED",
+    [QEVENT_SPICE_INITIALIZED] = "SPICE_INITIALIZED",
+    [QEVENT_SPICE_DISCONNECTED] = "SPICE_DISCONNECTED",
+    [QEVENT_BLOCK_JOB_COMPLETED] = "BLOCK_JOB_COMPLETED",
+    [QEVENT_BLOCK_JOB_CANCELLED] = "BLOCK_JOB_CANCELLED",
+    [QEVENT_DEVICE_TRAY_MOVED] = "DEVICE_TRAY_MOVED",
+    [QEVENT_SUSPEND] = "SUSPEND",
+    [QEVENT_WAKEUP] = "WAKEUP",
+};
+QEMU_BUILD_BUG_ON(ARRAY_SIZE(monitor_event_names) != QEVENT_MAX)
+
 /**
  * monitor_protocol_event(): Generate a Monitor event
  *
@@ -435,68 +459,8 @@ void monitor_protocol_event(MonitorEvent event, QObject *data)
 
     assert(event < QEVENT_MAX);
 
-    switch (event) {
-        case QEVENT_SHUTDOWN:
-            event_name = "SHUTDOWN";
-            break;
-        case QEVENT_RESET:
-            event_name = "RESET";
-            break;
-        case QEVENT_POWERDOWN:
-            event_name = "POWERDOWN";
-            break;
-        case QEVENT_STOP:
-            event_name = "STOP";
-            break;
-        case QEVENT_RESUME:
-            event_name = "RESUME";
-            break;
-        case QEVENT_VNC_CONNECTED:
-            event_name = "VNC_CONNECTED";
-            break;
-        case QEVENT_VNC_INITIALIZED:
-            event_name = "VNC_INITIALIZED";
-            break;
-        case QEVENT_VNC_DISCONNECTED:
-            event_name = "VNC_DISCONNECTED";
-            break;
-        case QEVENT_BLOCK_IO_ERROR:
-            event_name = "BLOCK_IO_ERROR";
-            break;
-        case QEVENT_RTC_CHANGE:
-            event_name = "RTC_CHANGE";
-            break;
-        case QEVENT_WATCHDOG:
-            event_name = "WATCHDOG";
-            break;
-        case QEVENT_SPICE_CONNECTED:
-            event_name = "SPICE_CONNECTED";
-            break;
-        case QEVENT_SPICE_INITIALIZED:
-            event_name = "SPICE_INITIALIZED";
-            break;
-        case QEVENT_SPICE_DISCONNECTED:
-            event_name = "SPICE_DISCONNECTED";
-            break;
-        case QEVENT_BLOCK_JOB_COMPLETED:
-            event_name = "BLOCK_JOB_COMPLETED";
-            break;
-        case QEVENT_BLOCK_JOB_CANCELLED:
-            event_name = "BLOCK_JOB_CANCELLED";
-            break;
-        case QEVENT_DEVICE_TRAY_MOVED:
-             event_name = "DEVICE_TRAY_MOVED";
-            break;
-        case QEVENT_SUSPEND:
-            event_name = "SUSPEND";
-            break;
-        case QEVENT_WAKEUP:
-            event_name = "WAKEUP";
-            break;
-        default:
-            abort();
-            break;
-    }
+    event_name = monitor_event_names[event];
+    assert(event_name != NULL);
 
     qmp = qdict_new();
     timestamp_put(qmp);
@@ -738,6 +702,25 @@ CommandInfoList *qmp_query_commands(Error **errp)
     return cmd_list;
 }
 
+EventInfoList *qmp_query_events(Error **errp)
+{
+    EventInfoList *info, *ev_list = NULL;
+    MonitorEvent e;
+
+    for (e = 0 ; e < QEVENT_MAX ; e++) {
+        const char *event_name = monitor_event_names[e];
+        assert(event_name != NULL);
+        info = g_malloc0(sizeof(*info));
+        info->value = g_malloc0(sizeof(*info->value));
+        info->value->name = g_strdup(event_name);
+
+        info->next = ev_list;
+        ev_list = info;
+    }
+
+    return ev_list;
+}
+
 /* set the current CPU defined by the user */
 int monitor_set_cpu(int cpu_index)
 {
diff --git a/monitor.h b/monitor.h
index 0d498006f8..cd1d8786d1 100644
--- a/monitor.h
+++ b/monitor.h
@@ -41,6 +41,10 @@ typedef enum MonitorEvent {
     QEVENT_DEVICE_TRAY_MOVED,
     QEVENT_SUSPEND,
     QEVENT_WAKEUP,
+
+    /* Add to 'monitor_event_names' array in monitor.c when
+     * defining new events here */
+
     QEVENT_MAX,
 } MonitorEvent;
 
diff --git a/net.c b/net.c
index 1922d8abd1..4aa416cffb 100644
--- a/net.c
+++ b/net.c
@@ -745,10 +745,7 @@ int net_handle_fd_param(Monitor *mon, const char *param)
     return fd;
 }
 
-static int net_init_nic(QemuOpts *opts,
-                        Monitor *mon,
-                        const char *name,
-                        VLANState *vlan)
+static int net_init_nic(QemuOpts *opts, const char *name, VLANState *vlan)
 {
     int idx;
     NICInfo *nd;
@@ -821,7 +818,6 @@ static int net_init_nic(QemuOpts *opts,
      }
 
 typedef int (*net_client_init_func)(QemuOpts *opts,
-                                    Monitor *mon,
                                     const char *name,
                                     VLANState *vlan);
 
@@ -1085,7 +1081,7 @@ static const struct {
 #endif /* CONFIG_NET_BRIDGE */
 };
 
-int net_client_init(Monitor *mon, QemuOpts *opts, int is_netdev)
+int net_client_init(QemuOpts *opts, int is_netdev, Error **errp)
 {
     const char *name;
     const char *type;
@@ -1093,7 +1089,7 @@ int net_client_init(Monitor *mon, QemuOpts *opts, int is_netdev)
 
     type = qemu_opt_get(opts, "type");
     if (!type) {
-        qerror_report(QERR_MISSING_PARAMETER, "type");
+        error_set(errp, QERR_MISSING_PARAMETER, "type");
         return -1;
     }
 
@@ -1109,21 +1105,21 @@ int net_client_init(Monitor *mon, QemuOpts *opts, int is_netdev)
             strcmp(type, "vde") != 0 &&
 #endif
             strcmp(type, "socket") != 0) {
-            qerror_report(QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE, "type",
-                          "a netdev backend type");
+            error_set(errp, QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE, "type",
+                      "a netdev backend type");
             return -1;
         }
 
         if (qemu_opt_get(opts, "vlan")) {
-            qerror_report(QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER, "vlan");
+            error_set(errp, QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER, "vlan");
             return -1;
         }
         if (qemu_opt_get(opts, "name")) {
-            qerror_report(QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER, "name");
+            error_set(errp, QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER, "name");
             return -1;
         }
         if (!qemu_opts_id(opts)) {
-            qerror_report(QERR_MISSING_PARAMETER, "id");
+            error_set(errp, QERR_MISSING_PARAMETER, "id");
             return -1;
         }
     }
@@ -1136,10 +1132,13 @@ int net_client_init(Monitor *mon, QemuOpts *opts, int is_netdev)
     for (i = 0; i < NET_CLIENT_TYPE_MAX; i++) {
         if (net_client_types[i].type != NULL &&
             !strcmp(net_client_types[i].type, type)) {
+            Error *local_err = NULL;
             VLANState *vlan = NULL;
             int ret;
 
-            if (qemu_opts_validate(opts, &net_client_types[i].desc[0]) == -1) {
+            qemu_opts_validate(opts, &net_client_types[i].desc[0], &local_err);
+            if (error_is_set(&local_err)) {
+                error_propagate(errp, local_err);
                 return -1;
             }
 
@@ -1152,10 +1151,10 @@ int net_client_init(Monitor *mon, QemuOpts *opts, int is_netdev)
 
             ret = 0;
             if (net_client_types[i].init) {
-                ret = net_client_types[i].init(opts, mon, name, vlan);
+                ret = net_client_types[i].init(opts, name, vlan);
                 if (ret < 0) {
                     /* TODO push error reporting into init() methods */
-                    qerror_report(QERR_DEVICE_INIT_FAILED, type);
+                    error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_INIT_FAILED, type);
                     return -1;
                 }
             }
@@ -1163,8 +1162,8 @@ int net_client_init(Monitor *mon, QemuOpts *opts, int is_netdev)
         }
     }
 
-    qerror_report(QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE, "type",
-                  "a network client type");
+    error_set(errp, QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE, "type",
+              "a network client type");
     return -1;
 }
 
@@ -1195,6 +1194,7 @@ void net_host_device_add(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict)
 {
     const char *device = qdict_get_str(qdict, "device");
     const char *opts_str = qdict_get_try_str(qdict, "opts");
+    Error *local_err = NULL;
     QemuOpts *opts;
 
     if (!net_host_check_device(device)) {
@@ -1209,7 +1209,10 @@ void net_host_device_add(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict)
 
     qemu_opt_set(opts, "type", device);
 
-    if (net_client_init(mon, opts, 0) < 0) {
+    net_client_init(opts, 0, &local_err);
+    if (error_is_set(&local_err)) {
+        qerror_report_err(local_err);
+        error_free(local_err);
         monitor_printf(mon, "adding host network device %s failed\n", device);
     }
 }
@@ -1231,37 +1234,53 @@ void net_host_device_remove(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict)
     qemu_del_vlan_client(vc);
 }
 
-int do_netdev_add(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict, QObject **ret_data)
+void netdev_add(QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
 {
+    net_client_init(opts, 1, errp);
+}
+
+int qmp_netdev_add(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict, QObject **ret)
+{
+    Error *local_err = NULL;
+    QemuOptsList *opts_list;
     QemuOpts *opts;
-    int res;
 
-    opts = qemu_opts_from_qdict(qemu_find_opts("netdev"), qdict);
-    if (!opts) {
-        return -1;
+    opts_list = qemu_find_opts_err("netdev", &local_err);
+    if (error_is_set(&local_err)) {
+        goto exit_err;
+    }
+
+    opts = qemu_opts_from_qdict(opts_list, qdict, &local_err);
+    if (error_is_set(&local_err)) {
+        goto exit_err;
     }
 
-    res = net_client_init(mon, opts, 1);
-    if (res < 0) {
+    netdev_add(opts, &local_err);
+    if (error_is_set(&local_err)) {
         qemu_opts_del(opts);
+        goto exit_err;
     }
 
-    return res;
+    return 0;
+
+exit_err:
+    qerror_report_err(local_err);
+    error_free(local_err);
+    return -1;
 }
 
-int do_netdev_del(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict, QObject **ret_data)
+void qmp_netdev_del(const char *id, Error **errp)
 {
-    const char *id = qdict_get_str(qdict, "id");
     VLANClientState *vc;
 
     vc = qemu_find_netdev(id);
     if (!vc) {
-        qerror_report(QERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND, id);
-        return -1;
+        error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND, id);
+        return;
     }
+
     qemu_del_vlan_client(vc);
-    qemu_opts_del(qemu_opts_find(qemu_find_opts("netdev"), id));
-    return 0;
+    qemu_opts_del(qemu_opts_find(qemu_find_opts_err("netdev", errp), id));
 }
 
 static void print_net_client(Monitor *mon, VLANClientState *vc)
@@ -1424,14 +1443,31 @@ void net_check_clients(void)
 
 static int net_init_client(QemuOpts *opts, void *dummy)
 {
-    if (net_client_init(NULL, opts, 0) < 0)
+    Error *local_err = NULL;
+
+    net_client_init(opts, 0, &local_err);
+    if (error_is_set(&local_err)) {
+        qerror_report_err(local_err);
+        error_free(local_err);
         return -1;
+    }
+
     return 0;
 }
 
 static int net_init_netdev(QemuOpts *opts, void *dummy)
 {
-    return net_client_init(NULL, opts, 1);
+    Error *local_err = NULL;
+    int ret;
+
+    ret = net_client_init(opts, 1, &local_err);
+    if (error_is_set(&local_err)) {
+        qerror_report_err(local_err);
+        error_free(local_err);
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    return ret;
 }
 
 int net_init_clients(void)
diff --git a/net.h b/net.h
index 64993b43ef..bdc2a0602d 100644
--- a/net.h
+++ b/net.h
@@ -163,15 +163,15 @@ struct HCIInfo *qemu_next_hci(void);
 extern const char *legacy_tftp_prefix;
 extern const char *legacy_bootp_filename;
 
-int net_client_init(Monitor *mon, QemuOpts *opts, int is_netdev);
+int net_client_init(QemuOpts *opts, int is_netdev, Error **errp);
 int net_client_parse(QemuOptsList *opts_list, const char *str);
 int net_init_clients(void);
 void net_check_clients(void);
 void net_cleanup(void);
 void net_host_device_add(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict);
 void net_host_device_remove(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict);
-int do_netdev_add(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict, QObject **ret_data);
-int do_netdev_del(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict, QObject **ret_data);
+void netdev_add(QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp);
+int qmp_netdev_add(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict, QObject **ret);
 
 #define DEFAULT_NETWORK_SCRIPT "/etc/qemu-ifup"
 #define DEFAULT_NETWORK_DOWN_SCRIPT "/etc/qemu-ifdown"
diff --git a/net/dump.c b/net/dump.c
index 4b48d48408..f835c51187 100644
--- a/net/dump.c
+++ b/net/dump.c
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ static int net_dump_init(VLANState *vlan, const char *device,
     return 0;
 }
 
-int net_init_dump(QemuOpts *opts, Monitor *mon, const char *name, VLANState *vlan)
+int net_init_dump(QemuOpts *opts, const char *name, VLANState *vlan)
 {
     int len;
     const char *file;
diff --git a/net/dump.h b/net/dump.h
index fdc91ad6dc..2b5d9ba644 100644
--- a/net/dump.h
+++ b/net/dump.h
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@
 #include "net.h"
 #include "qemu-common.h"
 
-int net_init_dump(QemuOpts *opts, Monitor *mon,
-                  const char *name, VLANState *vlan);
+int net_init_dump(QemuOpts *opts, const char *name, VLANState *vlan);
 
 #endif /* QEMU_NET_DUMP_H */
diff --git a/net/slirp.c b/net/slirp.c
index 96f5032c4c..37b6ccfde9 100644
--- a/net/slirp.c
+++ b/net/slirp.c
@@ -676,10 +676,7 @@ static int net_init_slirp_configs(const char *name, const char *value, void *opa
     return 0;
 }
 
-int net_init_slirp(QemuOpts *opts,
-                   Monitor *mon,
-                   const char *name,
-                   VLANState *vlan)
+int net_init_slirp(QemuOpts *opts, const char *name, VLANState *vlan)
 {
     struct slirp_config_str *config;
     const char *vhost;
diff --git a/net/slirp.h b/net/slirp.h
index c17de8ed47..53fe95dc12 100644
--- a/net/slirp.h
+++ b/net/slirp.h
@@ -30,10 +30,7 @@
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_SLIRP
 
-int net_init_slirp(QemuOpts *opts,
-                   Monitor *mon,
-                   const char *name,
-                   VLANState *vlan);
+int net_init_slirp(QemuOpts *opts, const char *name, VLANState *vlan);
 
 void net_slirp_hostfwd_add(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict);
 void net_slirp_hostfwd_remove(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict);
diff --git a/net/socket.c b/net/socket.c
index 0bcf229c24..fcd0a3c162 100644
--- a/net/socket.c
+++ b/net/socket.c
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 #include "config-host.h"
 
 #include "net.h"
+#include "monitor.h"
 #include "qemu-char.h"
 #include "qemu-common.h"
 #include "qemu-error.h"
@@ -585,10 +586,7 @@ static int net_socket_udp_init(VLANState *vlan,
     return 0;
 }
 
-int net_init_socket(QemuOpts *opts,
-                    Monitor *mon,
-                    const char *name,
-                    VLANState *vlan)
+int net_init_socket(QemuOpts *opts, const char *name, VLANState *vlan)
 {
     if (qemu_opt_get(opts, "fd")) {
         int fd;
@@ -601,7 +599,7 @@ int net_init_socket(QemuOpts *opts,
             return -1;
         }
 
-        fd = net_handle_fd_param(mon, qemu_opt_get(opts, "fd"));
+        fd = net_handle_fd_param(cur_mon, qemu_opt_get(opts, "fd"));
         if (fd == -1) {
             return -1;
         }
diff --git a/net/socket.h b/net/socket.h
index ea46f02dd8..e1fe959412 100644
--- a/net/socket.h
+++ b/net/socket.h
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@
 #include "net.h"
 #include "qemu-common.h"
 
-int net_init_socket(QemuOpts *opts, Monitor *mon,
-                    const char *name, VLANState *vlan);
+int net_init_socket(QemuOpts *opts, const char *name, VLANState *vlan);
 
 #endif /* QEMU_NET_SOCKET_H */
diff --git a/net/tap-win32.c b/net/tap-win32.c
index 596132e272..a801a553c4 100644
--- a/net/tap-win32.c
+++ b/net/tap-win32.c
@@ -699,7 +699,7 @@ static int tap_win32_init(VLANState *vlan, const char *model,
     return 0;
 }
 
-int net_init_tap(QemuOpts *opts, Monitor *mon, const char *name, VLANState *vlan)
+int net_init_tap(QemuOpts *opts, const char *name, VLANState *vlan)
 {
     const char *ifname;
 
diff --git a/net/tap.c b/net/tap.c
index f2400283c3..5ac4ba3343 100644
--- a/net/tap.c
+++ b/net/tap.c
@@ -512,8 +512,7 @@ static int net_bridge_run_helper(const char *helper, const char *bridge)
     return -1;
 }
 
-int net_init_bridge(QemuOpts *opts, Monitor *mon, const char *name,
-                    VLANState *vlan)
+int net_init_bridge(QemuOpts *opts, const char *name, VLANState *vlan)
 {
     TAPState *s;
     int fd, vnet_hdr;
@@ -583,7 +582,7 @@ static int net_tap_init(QemuOpts *opts, int *vnet_hdr)
     return fd;
 }
 
-int net_init_tap(QemuOpts *opts, Monitor *mon, const char *name, VLANState *vlan)
+int net_init_tap(QemuOpts *opts, const char *name, VLANState *vlan)
 {
     TAPState *s;
     int fd, vnet_hdr = 0;
@@ -600,7 +599,7 @@ int net_init_tap(QemuOpts *opts, Monitor *mon, const char *name, VLANState *vlan
             return -1;
         }
 
-        fd = net_handle_fd_param(mon, qemu_opt_get(opts, "fd"));
+        fd = net_handle_fd_param(cur_mon, qemu_opt_get(opts, "fd"));
         if (fd == -1) {
             return -1;
         }
@@ -687,7 +686,7 @@ int net_init_tap(QemuOpts *opts, Monitor *mon, const char *name, VLANState *vlan
         int vhostfd, r;
         bool force = qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, "vhostforce", false);
         if (qemu_opt_get(opts, "vhostfd")) {
-            r = net_handle_fd_param(mon, qemu_opt_get(opts, "vhostfd"));
+            r = net_handle_fd_param(cur_mon, qemu_opt_get(opts, "vhostfd"));
             if (r == -1) {
                 return -1;
             }
diff --git a/net/tap.h b/net/tap.h
index 56c591fc8e..b2a9450aab 100644
--- a/net/tap.h
+++ b/net/tap.h
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 #define DEFAULT_NETWORK_SCRIPT "/etc/qemu-ifup"
 #define DEFAULT_NETWORK_DOWN_SCRIPT "/etc/qemu-ifdown"
 
-int net_init_tap(QemuOpts *opts, Monitor *mon, const char *name, VLANState *vlan);
+int net_init_tap(QemuOpts *opts, const char *name, VLANState *vlan);
 
 int tap_open(char *ifname, int ifname_size, int *vnet_hdr, int vnet_hdr_required);
 
@@ -57,7 +57,6 @@ int tap_get_fd(VLANClientState *vc);
 struct vhost_net;
 struct vhost_net *tap_get_vhost_net(VLANClientState *vc);
 
-int net_init_bridge(QemuOpts *opts, Monitor *mon, const char *name,
-                    VLANState *vlan);
+int net_init_bridge(QemuOpts *opts, const char *name, VLANState *vlan);
 
 #endif /* QEMU_NET_TAP_H */
diff --git a/net/vde.c b/net/vde.c
index ac48ab2f0a..6b9d45294a 100644
--- a/net/vde.c
+++ b/net/vde.c
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ static int net_vde_init(VLANState *vlan, const char *model,
     return 0;
 }
 
-int net_init_vde(QemuOpts *opts, Monitor *mon, const char *name, VLANState *vlan)
+int net_init_vde(QemuOpts *opts, const char *name, VLANState *vlan)
 {
     const char *sock;
     const char *group;
diff --git a/net/vde.h b/net/vde.h
index 3e6ca3e876..732e5756f6 100644
--- a/net/vde.h
+++ b/net/vde.h
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_VDE
 
-int net_init_vde(QemuOpts *opts, Monitor *mon, const char *name, VLANState *vlan);
+int net_init_vde(QemuOpts *opts, const char *name, VLANState *vlan);
 
 #endif /* CONFIG_VDE */
 
diff --git a/qapi-schema.json b/qapi-schema.json
index 2ca7195d25..3b6e3468b4 100644
--- a/qapi-schema.json
+++ b/qapi-schema.json
@@ -228,6 +228,28 @@
 { 'command': 'query-commands', 'returns': ['CommandInfo'] }
 
 ##
+# @EventInfo:
+#
+# Information about a QMP event
+#
+# @name: The event name
+#
+# Since: 1.2.0
+##
+{ 'type': 'EventInfo', 'data': {'name': 'str'} }
+
+##
+# @query-events:
+#
+# Return a list of supported QMP events by this server
+#
+# Returns: A list of @EventInfo for all supported events
+#
+# Since: 1.2.0
+##
+{ 'command': 'query-events', 'returns': ['EventInfo'] }
+
+##
 # @MigrationStats
 #
 # Detailed migration status.
@@ -1755,3 +1777,88 @@
 # Since: 0.14.0
 ##
 { 'command': 'device_del', 'data': {'id': 'str'} }
+
+##
+# @dump-guest-memory
+#
+# Dump guest's memory to vmcore. It is a synchronous operation that can take
+# very long depending on the amount of guest memory. This command is only
+# supported only on i386 and x86_64
+#
+# @paging: if true, do paging to get guest's memory mapping. The @paging's
+# default value of @paging is false, If you want to use gdb to process the
+# core, please set @paging to true. The reason why the @paging's value is
+# false:
+#   1. guest machine in a catastrophic state can have corrupted memory,
+#      which we cannot trust.
+#   2. The guest machine can be in read-mode even if paging is enabled.
+#      For example: the guest machine uses ACPI to sleep, and ACPI sleep
+#      state goes in real-mode
+# @protocol: the filename or file descriptor of the vmcore. The supported
+# protocol can be file or fd:
+#   1. file: the protocol starts with "file:", and the following string is
+#      the file's path.
+#   2. fd: the protocol starts with "fd:", and the following string is the
+#      fd's name.
+# @begin: #optional if specified, the starting physical address.
+# @length: #optional if specified, the memory size, in bytes. If you don't
+# want to dump all guest's memory, please specify the start @begin and
+# @length
+#
+# Returns: nothing on success
+#          If @begin contains an invalid address, InvalidParameter
+#          If only one of @begin and @length is specified, MissingParameter
+#          If @protocol stats with "fd:", and the fd cannot be found, FdNotFound
+#          If @protocol starts with "file:", and the file cannot be
+#          opened, OpenFileFailed
+#          If @protocol does not start with "fd:" or "file:", InvalidParameter
+#          If an I/O error occurs while writing the file, IOError
+#          If the target does not support this command, Unsupported
+#
+# Since: 1.2
+##
+{ 'command': 'dump-guest-memory',
+  'data': { 'paging': 'bool', 'protocol': 'str', '*begin': 'int',
+            '*length': 'int' } }
+##
+# @netdev_add:
+#
+# Add a network backend.
+#
+# @type: the type of network backend.  Current valid values are 'user', 'tap',
+#        'vde', 'socket', 'dump' and 'bridge'
+#
+# @id: the name of the new network backend
+#
+# @props: #optional a list of properties to be passed to the backend in
+#         the format 'name=value', like 'ifname=tap0,script=no'
+#
+# Notes: The semantics of @props is not well defined.  Future commands will be
+#        introduced that provide stronger typing for backend creation.
+#
+# Since: 0.14.0
+#
+# Returns: Nothing on success
+#          If @type is not a valid network backend, DeviceNotFound
+#          If @id is not a valid identifier, InvalidParameterValue
+#          if @id already exists, DuplicateId
+#          If @props contains an invalid parameter for this backend,
+#            InvalidParameter
+##
+{ 'command': 'netdev_add',
+  'data': {'type': 'str', 'id': 'str', '*props': '**'},
+  'gen': 'no' }
+
+##
+# @netdev_del:
+#
+# Remove a network backend.
+#
+# @id: the name of the network backend to remove
+#
+# Returns: Nothing on success
+#          If @id is not a valid network backend, DeviceNotFound
+#
+# Since: 0.14.0
+##
+{ 'command': 'netdev_del', 'data': {'id': 'str'} }
diff --git a/qemu-char.c b/qemu-char.c
index fe1126fe86..0bd903f58c 100644
--- a/qemu-char.c
+++ b/qemu-char.c
@@ -2584,10 +2584,14 @@ QemuOpts *qemu_chr_parse_compat(const char *label, const char *filename)
     int pos;
     const char *p;
     QemuOpts *opts;
+    Error *local_err = NULL;
 
-    opts = qemu_opts_create(qemu_find_opts("chardev"), label, 1);
-    if (NULL == opts)
+    opts = qemu_opts_create(qemu_find_opts("chardev"), label, 1, &local_err);
+    if (error_is_set(&local_err)) {
+        qerror_report_err(local_err);
+        error_free(local_err);
         return NULL;
+    }
 
     if (strstart(filename, "mon:", &p)) {
         filename = p;
diff --git a/qemu-config.c b/qemu-config.c
index be84a0347c..bb3bff426a 100644
--- a/qemu-config.c
+++ b/qemu-config.c
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 #include "qemu-option.h"
 #include "qemu-config.h"
 #include "hw/qdev.h"
+#include "error.h"
 
 static QemuOptsList qemu_drive_opts = {
     .name = "drive",
@@ -631,7 +632,8 @@ static QemuOptsList *vm_config_groups[32] = {
     NULL,
 };
 
-static QemuOptsList *find_list(QemuOptsList **lists, const char *group)
+static QemuOptsList *find_list(QemuOptsList **lists, const char *group,
+                               Error **errp)
 {
     int i;
 
@@ -640,14 +642,28 @@ static QemuOptsList *find_list(QemuOptsList **lists, const char *group)
             break;
     }
     if (lists[i] == NULL) {
-        error_report("there is no option group \"%s\"", group);
+        error_set(errp, QERR_INVALID_OPTION_GROUP, group);
     }
     return lists[i];
 }
 
 QemuOptsList *qemu_find_opts(const char *group)
 {
-    return find_list(vm_config_groups, group);
+    QemuOptsList *ret;
+    Error *local_err = NULL;
+
+    ret = find_list(vm_config_groups, group, &local_err);
+    if (error_is_set(&local_err)) {
+        error_report("%s\n", error_get_pretty(local_err));
+        error_free(local_err);
+    }
+
+    return ret;
+}
+
+QemuOptsList *qemu_find_opts_err(const char *group, Error **errp)
+{
+    return find_list(vm_config_groups, group, errp);
 }
 
 void qemu_add_opts(QemuOptsList *list)
@@ -709,7 +725,7 @@ int qemu_global_option(const char *str)
         return -1;
     }
 
-    opts = qemu_opts_create(&qemu_global_opts, NULL, 0);
+    opts = qemu_opts_create(&qemu_global_opts, NULL, 0, NULL);
     qemu_opt_set(opts, "driver", driver);
     qemu_opt_set(opts, "property", property);
     qemu_opt_set(opts, "value", str+offset+1);
@@ -762,6 +778,7 @@ int qemu_config_parse(FILE *fp, QemuOptsList **lists, const char *fname)
     char line[1024], group[64], id[64], arg[64], value[1024];
     Location loc;
     QemuOptsList *list = NULL;
+    Error *local_err = NULL;
     QemuOpts *opts = NULL;
     int res = -1, lno = 0;
 
@@ -778,18 +795,24 @@ int qemu_config_parse(FILE *fp, QemuOptsList **lists, const char *fname)
         }
         if (sscanf(line, "[%63s \"%63[^\"]\"]", group, id) == 2) {
             /* group with id */
-            list = find_list(lists, group);
-            if (list == NULL)
+            list = find_list(lists, group, &local_err);
+            if (error_is_set(&local_err)) {
+                error_report("%s\n", error_get_pretty(local_err));
+                error_free(local_err);
                 goto out;
-            opts = qemu_opts_create(list, id, 1);
+            }
+            opts = qemu_opts_create(list, id, 1, NULL);
             continue;
         }
         if (sscanf(line, "[%63[^]]]", group) == 1) {
             /* group without id */
-            list = find_list(lists, group);
-            if (list == NULL)
+            list = find_list(lists, group, &local_err);
+            if (error_is_set(&local_err)) {
+                error_report("%s\n", error_get_pretty(local_err));
+                error_free(local_err);
                 goto out;
-            opts = qemu_opts_create(list, NULL, 0);
+            }
+            opts = qemu_opts_create(list, NULL, 0, NULL);
             continue;
         }
         if (sscanf(line, " %63s = \"%1023[^\"]\"", arg, value) == 2) {
diff --git a/qemu-config.h b/qemu-config.h
index 6d7365d35b..e9f2ef4c7b 100644
--- a/qemu-config.h
+++ b/qemu-config.h
@@ -1,11 +1,14 @@
 #ifndef QEMU_CONFIG_H
 #define QEMU_CONFIG_H
 
+#include "error.h"
+
 extern QemuOptsList qemu_fsdev_opts;
 extern QemuOptsList qemu_virtfs_opts;
 extern QemuOptsList qemu_spice_opts;
 
 QemuOptsList *qemu_find_opts(const char *group);
+QemuOptsList *qemu_find_opts_err(const char *group, Error **errp);
 void qemu_add_opts(QemuOptsList *list);
 int qemu_set_option(const char *str);
 int qemu_global_option(const char *str);
diff --git a/qemu-option.c b/qemu-option.c
index 35cd609f75..bb3886c6b9 100644
--- a/qemu-option.c
+++ b/qemu-option.c
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 #include "qemu-error.h"
 #include "qemu-objects.h"
 #include "qemu-option.h"
+#include "error.h"
 #include "qerror.h"
 
 /*
@@ -168,7 +169,8 @@ QEMUOptionParameter *get_option_parameter(QEMUOptionParameter *list,
     return NULL;
 }
 
-static int parse_option_bool(const char *name, const char *value, bool *ret)
+static void parse_option_bool(const char *name, const char *value, bool *ret,
+                              Error **errp)
 {
     if (value != NULL) {
         if (!strcmp(value, "on")) {
@@ -176,16 +178,15 @@ static int parse_option_bool(const char *name, const char *value, bool *ret)
         } else if (!strcmp(value, "off")) {
             *ret = 0;
         } else {
-            qerror_report(QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE, name, "'on' or 'off'");
-            return -1;
+            error_set(errp,QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE, name, "'on' or 'off'");
         }
     } else {
         *ret = 1;
     }
-    return 0;
 }
 
-static int parse_option_number(const char *name, const char *value, uint64_t *ret)
+static void parse_option_number(const char *name, const char *value,
+                                uint64_t *ret, Error **errp)
 {
     char *postfix;
     uint64_t number;
@@ -193,18 +194,17 @@ static int parse_option_number(const char *name, const char *value, uint64_t *re
     if (value != NULL) {
         number = strtoull(value, &postfix, 0);
         if (*postfix != '\0') {
-            qerror_report(QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE, name, "a number");
-            return -1;
+            error_set(errp, QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE, name, "a number");
+            return;
         }
         *ret = number;
     } else {
-        qerror_report(QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE, name, "a number");
-        return -1;
+        error_set(errp, QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE, name, "a number");
     }
-    return 0;
 }
 
-static int parse_option_size(const char *name, const char *value, uint64_t *ret)
+static void parse_option_size(const char *name, const char *value,
+                              uint64_t *ret, Error **errp)
 {
     char *postfix;
     double sizef;
@@ -230,16 +230,14 @@ static int parse_option_size(const char *name, const char *value, uint64_t *ret)
             *ret = (uint64_t) sizef;
             break;
         default:
-            qerror_report(QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE, name, "a size");
+            error_set(errp, QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE, name, "a size");
             error_printf_unless_qmp("You may use k, M, G or T suffixes for "
                     "kilobytes, megabytes, gigabytes and terabytes.\n");
-            return -1;
+            return;
         }
     } else {
-        qerror_report(QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE, name, "a size");
-        return -1;
+        error_set(errp, QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE, name, "a size");
     }
-    return 0;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -263,6 +261,7 @@ int set_option_parameter(QEMUOptionParameter *list, const char *name,
     const char *value)
 {
     bool flag;
+    Error *local_err = NULL;
 
     // Find a matching parameter
     list = get_option_parameter(list, name);
@@ -274,9 +273,10 @@ int set_option_parameter(QEMUOptionParameter *list, const char *name,
     // Process parameter
     switch (list->type) {
     case OPT_FLAG:
-        if (parse_option_bool(name, value, &flag) == -1)
-            return -1;
-        list->value.n = flag;
+        parse_option_bool(name, value, &flag, &local_err);
+        if (!error_is_set(&local_err)) {
+            list->value.n = flag;
+        }
         break;
 
     case OPT_STRING:
@@ -289,8 +289,7 @@ int set_option_parameter(QEMUOptionParameter *list, const char *name,
         break;
 
     case OPT_SIZE:
-        if (parse_option_size(name, value, &list->value.n) == -1)
-            return -1;
+        parse_option_size(name, value, &list->value.n, &local_err);
         break;
 
     default:
@@ -298,6 +297,12 @@ int set_option_parameter(QEMUOptionParameter *list, const char *name,
         return -1;
     }
 
+    if (error_is_set(&local_err)) {
+        qerror_report_err(local_err);
+        error_free(local_err);
+        return -1;
+    }
+
     return 0;
 }
 
@@ -576,20 +581,24 @@ uint64_t qemu_opt_get_size(QemuOpts *opts, const char *name, uint64_t defval)
     return opt->value.uint;
 }
 
-static int qemu_opt_parse(QemuOpt *opt)
+static void qemu_opt_parse(QemuOpt *opt, Error **errp)
 {
     if (opt->desc == NULL)
-        return 0;
+        return;
+
     switch (opt->desc->type) {
     case QEMU_OPT_STRING:
         /* nothing */
-        return 0;
+        return;
     case QEMU_OPT_BOOL:
-        return parse_option_bool(opt->name, opt->str, &opt->value.boolean);
+        parse_option_bool(opt->name, opt->str, &opt->value.boolean, errp);
+        break;
     case QEMU_OPT_NUMBER:
-        return parse_option_number(opt->name, opt->str, &opt->value.uint);
+        parse_option_number(opt->name, opt->str, &opt->value.uint, errp);
+        break;
     case QEMU_OPT_SIZE:
-        return parse_option_size(opt->name, opt->str, &opt->value.uint);
+        parse_option_size(opt->name, opt->str, &opt->value.uint, errp);
+        break;
     default:
         abort();
     }
@@ -603,11 +612,12 @@ static void qemu_opt_del(QemuOpt *opt)
     g_free(opt);
 }
 
-static int opt_set(QemuOpts *opts, const char *name, const char *value,
-                   bool prepend)
+static void opt_set(QemuOpts *opts, const char *name, const char *value,
+                    bool prepend, Error **errp)
 {
     QemuOpt *opt;
     const QemuOptDesc *desc = opts->list->desc;
+    Error *local_err = NULL;
     int i;
 
     for (i = 0; desc[i].name != NULL; i++) {
@@ -619,8 +629,8 @@ static int opt_set(QemuOpts *opts, const char *name, const char *value,
         if (i == 0) {
             /* empty list -> allow any */;
         } else {
-            qerror_report(QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER, name);
-            return -1;
+            error_set(errp, QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER, name);
+            return;
         }
     }
 
@@ -638,16 +648,31 @@ static int opt_set(QemuOpts *opts, const char *name, const char *value,
     if (value) {
         opt->str = g_strdup(value);
     }
-    if (qemu_opt_parse(opt) < 0) {
+    qemu_opt_parse(opt, &local_err);
+    if (error_is_set(&local_err)) {
+        error_propagate(errp, local_err);
         qemu_opt_del(opt);
+    }
+}
+
+int qemu_opt_set(QemuOpts *opts, const char *name, const char *value)
+{
+    Error *local_err = NULL;
+
+    opt_set(opts, name, value, false, &local_err);
+    if (error_is_set(&local_err)) {
+        qerror_report_err(local_err);
+        error_free(local_err);
         return -1;
     }
+
     return 0;
 }
 
-int qemu_opt_set(QemuOpts *opts, const char *name, const char *value)
+void qemu_opt_set_err(QemuOpts *opts, const char *name, const char *value,
+                      Error **errp)
 {
-    return opt_set(opts, name, value, false);
+    opt_set(opts, name, value, false, errp);
 }
 
 int qemu_opt_set_bool(QemuOpts *opts, const char *name, bool val)
@@ -729,20 +754,21 @@ static int id_wellformed(const char *id)
     return 1;
 }
 
-QemuOpts *qemu_opts_create(QemuOptsList *list, const char *id, int fail_if_exists)
+QemuOpts *qemu_opts_create(QemuOptsList *list, const char *id,
+                           int fail_if_exists, Error **errp)
 {
     QemuOpts *opts = NULL;
 
     if (id) {
         if (!id_wellformed(id)) {
-            qerror_report(QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE, "id", "an identifier");
+            error_set(errp,QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE, "id", "an identifier");
             error_printf_unless_qmp("Identifiers consist of letters, digits, '-', '.', '_', starting with a letter.\n");
             return NULL;
         }
         opts = qemu_opts_find(list, id);
         if (opts != NULL) {
             if (fail_if_exists && !list->merge_lists) {
-                qerror_report(QERR_DUPLICATE_ID, id, list->name);
+                error_set(errp, QERR_DUPLICATE_ID, id, list->name);
                 return NULL;
             } else {
                 return opts;
@@ -783,9 +809,12 @@ int qemu_opts_set(QemuOptsList *list, const char *id,
                   const char *name, const char *value)
 {
     QemuOpts *opts;
+    Error *local_err = NULL;
 
-    opts = qemu_opts_create(list, id, 1);
-    if (opts == NULL) {
+    opts = qemu_opts_create(list, id, 1, &local_err);
+    if (error_is_set(&local_err)) {
+        qerror_report_err(local_err);
+        error_free(local_err);
         return -1;
     }
     return qemu_opt_set(opts, name, value);
@@ -829,6 +858,7 @@ static int opts_do_parse(QemuOpts *opts, const char *params,
 {
     char option[128], value[1024];
     const char *p,*pe,*pc;
+    Error *local_err = NULL;
 
     for (p = params; *p != '\0'; p++) {
         pe = strchr(p, '=');
@@ -860,7 +890,10 @@ static int opts_do_parse(QemuOpts *opts, const char *params,
         }
         if (strcmp(option, "id") != 0) {
             /* store and parse */
-            if (opt_set(opts, option, value, prepend) == -1) {
+            opt_set(opts, option, value, prepend, &local_err);
+            if (error_is_set(&local_err)) {
+                qerror_report_err(local_err);
+                error_free(local_err);
                 return -1;
             }
         }
@@ -883,6 +916,7 @@ static QemuOpts *opts_parse(QemuOptsList *list, const char *params,
     char value[1024], *id = NULL;
     const char *p;
     QemuOpts *opts;
+    Error *local_err = NULL;
 
     assert(!permit_abbrev || list->implied_opt_name);
     firstname = permit_abbrev ? list->implied_opt_name : NULL;
@@ -898,13 +932,18 @@ static QemuOpts *opts_parse(QemuOptsList *list, const char *params,
         if (!id && !QTAILQ_EMPTY(&list->head)) {
             opts = qemu_opts_find(list, NULL);
         } else {
-            opts = qemu_opts_create(list, id, 0);
+            opts = qemu_opts_create(list, id, 0, &local_err);
         }
     } else {
-        opts = qemu_opts_create(list, id, 1);
+        opts = qemu_opts_create(list, id, 1, &local_err);
     }
-    if (opts == NULL)
+    if (opts == NULL) {
+        if (error_is_set(&local_err)) {
+            qerror_report_err(local_err);
+            error_free(local_err);
+        }
         return NULL;
+    }
 
     if (opts_do_parse(opts, params, firstname, defaults) != 0) {
         qemu_opts_del(opts);
@@ -929,13 +968,19 @@ void qemu_opts_set_defaults(QemuOptsList *list, const char *params,
     assert(opts);
 }
 
+typedef struct OptsFromQDictState {
+    QemuOpts *opts;
+    Error **errp;
+} OptsFromQDictState;
+
 static void qemu_opts_from_qdict_1(const char *key, QObject *obj, void *opaque)
 {
+    OptsFromQDictState *state = opaque;
     char buf[32];
     const char *value;
     int n;
 
-    if (!strcmp(key, "id")) {
+    if (!strcmp(key, "id") || error_is_set(state->errp)) {
         return;
     }
 
@@ -963,7 +1008,8 @@ static void qemu_opts_from_qdict_1(const char *key, QObject *obj, void *opaque)
     default:
         return;
     }
-    qemu_opt_set(opaque, key, value);
+
+    qemu_opt_set_err(state->opts, key, value, state->errp);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -972,15 +1018,31 @@ static void qemu_opts_from_qdict_1(const char *key, QObject *obj, void *opaque)
  * Only QStrings, QInts, QFloats and QBools are copied.  Entries with
  * other types are silently ignored.
  */
-QemuOpts *qemu_opts_from_qdict(QemuOptsList *list, const QDict *qdict)
+QemuOpts *qemu_opts_from_qdict(QemuOptsList *list, const QDict *qdict,
+                               Error **errp)
 {
+    OptsFromQDictState state;
+    Error *local_err = NULL;
     QemuOpts *opts;
 
-    opts = qemu_opts_create(list, qdict_get_try_str(qdict, "id"), 1);
-    if (opts == NULL)
+    opts = qemu_opts_create(list, qdict_get_try_str(qdict, "id"), 1,
+                            &local_err);
+    if (error_is_set(&local_err)) {
+        error_propagate(errp, local_err);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    assert(opts != NULL);
+
+    state.errp = &local_err;
+    state.opts = opts;
+    qdict_iter(qdict, qemu_opts_from_qdict_1, &state);
+    if (error_is_set(&local_err)) {
+        error_propagate(errp, local_err);
+        qemu_opts_del(opts);
         return NULL;
+    }
 
-    qdict_iter(qdict, qemu_opts_from_qdict_1, opts);
     return opts;
 }
 
@@ -1011,9 +1073,10 @@ QDict *qemu_opts_to_qdict(QemuOpts *opts, QDict *qdict)
 /* Validate parsed opts against descriptions where no
  * descriptions were provided in the QemuOptsList.
  */
-int qemu_opts_validate(QemuOpts *opts, const QemuOptDesc *desc)
+void qemu_opts_validate(QemuOpts *opts, const QemuOptDesc *desc, Error **errp)
 {
     QemuOpt *opt;
+    Error *local_err = NULL;
 
     assert(opts->list->desc[0].name == NULL);
 
@@ -1026,18 +1089,18 @@ int qemu_opts_validate(QemuOpts *opts, const QemuOptDesc *desc)
             }
         }
         if (desc[i].name == NULL) {
-            qerror_report(QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER, opt->name);
-            return -1;
+            error_set(errp, QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER, opt->name);
+            return;
         }
 
         opt->desc = &desc[i];
 
-        if (qemu_opt_parse(opt) < 0) {
-            return -1;
+        qemu_opt_parse(opt, &local_err);
+        if (error_is_set(&local_err)) {
+            error_propagate(errp, local_err);
+            return;
         }
     }
-
-    return 0;
 }
 
 int qemu_opts_foreach(QemuOptsList *list, qemu_opts_loopfunc func, void *opaque,
diff --git a/qemu-option.h b/qemu-option.h
index 3ca00c3cec..951dec3cc4 100644
--- a/qemu-option.h
+++ b/qemu-option.h
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 
 #include <stdint.h>
 #include "qemu-queue.h"
+#include "error.h"
 #include "qdict.h"
 
 enum QEMUOptionParType {
@@ -110,25 +111,29 @@ bool qemu_opt_get_bool(QemuOpts *opts, const char *name, bool defval);
 uint64_t qemu_opt_get_number(QemuOpts *opts, const char *name, uint64_t defval);
 uint64_t qemu_opt_get_size(QemuOpts *opts, const char *name, uint64_t defval);
 int qemu_opt_set(QemuOpts *opts, const char *name, const char *value);
+void qemu_opt_set_err(QemuOpts *opts, const char *name, const char *value,
+                      Error **errp);
 int qemu_opt_set_bool(QemuOpts *opts, const char *name, bool val);
 typedef int (*qemu_opt_loopfunc)(const char *name, const char *value, void *opaque);
 int qemu_opt_foreach(QemuOpts *opts, qemu_opt_loopfunc func, void *opaque,
                      int abort_on_failure);
 
 QemuOpts *qemu_opts_find(QemuOptsList *list, const char *id);
-QemuOpts *qemu_opts_create(QemuOptsList *list, const char *id, int fail_if_exists);
+QemuOpts *qemu_opts_create(QemuOptsList *list, const char *id,
+                           int fail_if_exists, Error **errp);
 void qemu_opts_reset(QemuOptsList *list);
 void qemu_opts_loc_restore(QemuOpts *opts);
 int qemu_opts_set(QemuOptsList *list, const char *id,
                   const char *name, const char *value);
 const char *qemu_opts_id(QemuOpts *opts);
 void qemu_opts_del(QemuOpts *opts);
-int qemu_opts_validate(QemuOpts *opts, const QemuOptDesc *desc);
+void qemu_opts_validate(QemuOpts *opts, const QemuOptDesc *desc, Error **errp);
 int qemu_opts_do_parse(QemuOpts *opts, const char *params, const char *firstname);
 QemuOpts *qemu_opts_parse(QemuOptsList *list, const char *params, int permit_abbrev);
 void qemu_opts_set_defaults(QemuOptsList *list, const char *params,
                             int permit_abbrev);
-QemuOpts *qemu_opts_from_qdict(QemuOptsList *list, const QDict *qdict);
+QemuOpts *qemu_opts_from_qdict(QemuOptsList *list, const QDict *qdict,
+                               Error **errp);
 QDict *qemu_opts_to_qdict(QemuOpts *opts, QDict *qdict);
 
 typedef int (*qemu_opts_loopfunc)(QemuOpts *opts, void *opaque);
diff --git a/qemu-sockets.c b/qemu-sockets.c
index 46c7619c7e..2ae715db76 100644
--- a/qemu-sockets.c
+++ b/qemu-sockets.c
@@ -461,7 +461,7 @@ int inet_listen(const char *str, char *ostr, int olen,
     char *optstr;
     int sock = -1;
 
-    opts = qemu_opts_create(&dummy_opts, NULL, 0);
+    opts = qemu_opts_create(&dummy_opts, NULL, 0, NULL);
     if (inet_parse(opts, str) == 0) {
         sock = inet_listen_opts(opts, port_offset, errp);
         if (sock != -1 && ostr) {
@@ -490,7 +490,7 @@ int inet_connect(const char *str, bool block, Error **errp)
     QemuOpts *opts;
     int sock = -1;
 
-    opts = qemu_opts_create(&dummy_opts, NULL, 0);
+    opts = qemu_opts_create(&dummy_opts, NULL, 0, NULL);
     if (inet_parse(opts, str) == 0) {
         if (block) {
             qemu_opt_set(opts, "block", "on");
@@ -589,7 +589,7 @@ int unix_listen(const char *str, char *ostr, int olen)
     char *path, *optstr;
     int sock, len;
 
-    opts = qemu_opts_create(&dummy_opts, NULL, 0);
+    opts = qemu_opts_create(&dummy_opts, NULL, 0, NULL);
 
     optstr = strchr(str, ',');
     if (optstr) {
@@ -617,7 +617,7 @@ int unix_connect(const char *path)
     QemuOpts *opts;
     int sock;
 
-    opts = qemu_opts_create(&dummy_opts, NULL, 0);
+    opts = qemu_opts_create(&dummy_opts, NULL, 0, NULL);
     qemu_opt_set(opts, "path", path);
     sock = unix_connect_opts(opts);
     qemu_opts_del(opts);
diff --git a/qerror.c b/qerror.c
index 5092fe7549..92c4eff179 100644
--- a/qerror.c
+++ b/qerror.c
@@ -156,6 +156,10 @@ static const QErrorStringTable qerror_table[] = {
         .desc      = "Invalid block format '%(name)'",
     },
     {
+        .error_fmt = QERR_INVALID_OPTION_GROUP,
+        .desc      = "There is no option group '%(group)'",
+    },
+    {
         .error_fmt = QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER,
         .desc      = "Invalid parameter '%(name)'",
     },
diff --git a/qerror.h b/qerror.h
index 4cbba48c5a..b4c8758f40 100644
--- a/qerror.h
+++ b/qerror.h
@@ -139,6 +139,9 @@ QError *qobject_to_qerror(const QObject *obj);
 #define QERR_INVALID_BLOCK_FORMAT \
     "{ 'class': 'InvalidBlockFormat', 'data': { 'name': %s } }"
 
+#define QERR_INVALID_OPTION_GROUP \
+    "{ 'class': 'InvalidOptionGroup', 'data': { 'group': %s } }"
+
 #define QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER \
     "{ 'class': 'InvalidParameter', 'data': { 'name': %s } }"
 
diff --git a/qmp-commands.hx b/qmp-commands.hx
index db980fa811..2e1a38e695 100644
--- a/qmp-commands.hx
+++ b/qmp-commands.hx
@@ -604,12 +604,45 @@ Example:
 EQMP
 
     {
+        .name       = "dump-guest-memory",
+        .args_type  = "paging:b,protocol:s,begin:i?,end:i?",
+        .params     = "-p protocol [begin] [length]",
+        .help       = "dump guest memory to file",
+        .user_print = monitor_user_noop,
+        .mhandler.cmd_new = qmp_marshal_input_dump_guest_memory,
+    },
+
+SQMP
+dump
+
+
+Dump guest memory to file. The file can be processed with crash or gdb.
+
+Arguments:
+
+- "paging": do paging to get guest's memory mapping (json-bool)
+- "protocol": destination file(started with "file:") or destination file
+              descriptor (started with "fd:") (json-string)
+- "begin": the starting physical address. It's optional, and should be specified
+           with length together (json-int)
+- "length": the memory size, in bytes. It's optional, and should be specified
+            with begin together (json-int)
+
+Example:
+
+-> { "execute": "dump-guest-memory", "arguments": { "protocol": "fd:dump" } }
+<- { "return": {} }
+
+Notes:
+
+(1) All boolean arguments default to false
+
+EQMP
+
+    {
         .name       = "netdev_add",
         .args_type  = "netdev:O",
-        .params     = "[user|tap|socket],id=str[,prop=value][,...]",
-        .help       = "add host network device",
-        .user_print = monitor_user_noop,
-        .mhandler.cmd_new = do_netdev_add,
+        .mhandler.cmd_new = qmp_netdev_add,
     },
 
 SQMP
@@ -638,10 +671,7 @@ EQMP
     {
         .name       = "netdev_del",
         .args_type  = "id:s",
-        .params     = "id",
-        .help       = "remove host network device",
-        .user_print = monitor_user_noop,
-        .mhandler.cmd_new = do_netdev_del,
+        .mhandler.cmd_new = qmp_marshal_input_netdev_del,
     },
 
 SQMP
@@ -1179,6 +1209,43 @@ EQMP
     },
 
 SQMP
+query-events
+--------------
+
+List QMP available events.
+
+Each event is represented by a json-object, the returned value is a json-array
+of all events.
+
+Each json-object contains:
+
+- "name": event's name (json-string)
+
+Example:
+
+-> { "execute": "query-events" }
+<- {
+      "return":[
+         {
+            "name":"SHUTDOWN"
+         },
+         {
+            "name":"RESET"
+         }
+      ]
+   }
+
+Note: This example has been shortened as the real response is too long.
+
+EQMP
+
+    {
+        .name       = "query-events",
+        .args_type  = "",
+        .mhandler.cmd_new = qmp_marshal_input_query_events,
+    },
+
+SQMP
 query-chardev
 -------------
 
diff --git a/target-i386/arch_dump.c b/target-i386/arch_dump.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..135d855c4a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/target-i386/arch_dump.c
@@ -0,0 +1,449 @@
+/*
+ * i386 memory mapping
+ *
+ * Copyright Fujitsu, Corp. 2011, 2012
+ *
+ * Authors:
+ *     Wen Congyang <wency@cn.fujitsu.com>
+ *
+ * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2.  See
+ * the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include "cpu.h"
+#include "cpu-all.h"
+#include "dump.h"
+#include "elf.h"
+
+#ifdef TARGET_X86_64
+typedef struct {
+    target_ulong r15, r14, r13, r12, rbp, rbx, r11, r10;
+    target_ulong r9, r8, rax, rcx, rdx, rsi, rdi, orig_rax;
+    target_ulong rip, cs, eflags;
+    target_ulong rsp, ss;
+    target_ulong fs_base, gs_base;
+    target_ulong ds, es, fs, gs;
+} x86_64_user_regs_struct;
+
+typedef struct {
+    char pad1[32];
+    uint32_t pid;
+    char pad2[76];
+    x86_64_user_regs_struct regs;
+    char pad3[8];
+} x86_64_elf_prstatus;
+
+static int x86_64_write_elf64_note(write_core_dump_function f,
+                                   CPUArchState *env, int id,
+                                   void *opaque)
+{
+    x86_64_user_regs_struct regs;
+    Elf64_Nhdr *note;
+    char *buf;
+    int descsz, note_size, name_size = 5;
+    const char *name = "CORE";
+    int ret;
+
+    regs.r15 = env->regs[15];
+    regs.r14 = env->regs[14];
+    regs.r13 = env->regs[13];
+    regs.r12 = env->regs[12];
+    regs.r11 = env->regs[11];
+    regs.r10 = env->regs[10];
+    regs.r9  = env->regs[9];
+    regs.r8  = env->regs[8];
+    regs.rbp = env->regs[R_EBP];
+    regs.rsp = env->regs[R_ESP];
+    regs.rdi = env->regs[R_EDI];
+    regs.rsi = env->regs[R_ESI];
+    regs.rdx = env->regs[R_EDX];
+    regs.rcx = env->regs[R_ECX];
+    regs.rbx = env->regs[R_EBX];
+    regs.rax = env->regs[R_EAX];
+    regs.rip = env->eip;
+    regs.eflags = env->eflags;
+
+    regs.orig_rax = 0; /* FIXME */
+    regs.cs = env->segs[R_CS].selector;
+    regs.ss = env->segs[R_SS].selector;
+    regs.fs_base = env->segs[R_FS].base;
+    regs.gs_base = env->segs[R_GS].base;
+    regs.ds = env->segs[R_DS].selector;
+    regs.es = env->segs[R_ES].selector;
+    regs.fs = env->segs[R_FS].selector;
+    regs.gs = env->segs[R_GS].selector;
+
+    descsz = sizeof(x86_64_elf_prstatus);
+    note_size = ((sizeof(Elf64_Nhdr) + 3) / 4 + (name_size + 3) / 4 +
+                (descsz + 3) / 4) * 4;
+    note = g_malloc(note_size);
+
+    memset(note, 0, note_size);
+    note->n_namesz = cpu_to_le32(name_size);
+    note->n_descsz = cpu_to_le32(descsz);
+    note->n_type = cpu_to_le32(NT_PRSTATUS);
+    buf = (char *)note;
+    buf += ((sizeof(Elf64_Nhdr) + 3) / 4) * 4;
+    memcpy(buf, name, name_size);
+    buf += ((name_size + 3) / 4) * 4;
+    memcpy(buf + 32, &id, 4); /* pr_pid */
+    buf += descsz - sizeof(x86_64_user_regs_struct)-sizeof(target_ulong);
+    memcpy(buf, &regs, sizeof(x86_64_user_regs_struct));
+
+    ret = f(note, note_size, opaque);
+    g_free(note);
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+typedef struct {
+    uint32_t ebx, ecx, edx, esi, edi, ebp, eax;
+    unsigned short ds, __ds, es, __es;
+    unsigned short fs, __fs, gs, __gs;
+    uint32_t orig_eax, eip;
+    unsigned short cs, __cs;
+    uint32_t eflags, esp;
+    unsigned short ss, __ss;
+} x86_user_regs_struct;
+
+typedef struct {
+    char pad1[24];
+    uint32_t pid;
+    char pad2[44];
+    x86_user_regs_struct regs;
+    char pad3[4];
+} x86_elf_prstatus;
+
+static void x86_fill_elf_prstatus(x86_elf_prstatus *prstatus, CPUArchState *env,
+                                  int id)
+{
+    memset(prstatus, 0, sizeof(x86_elf_prstatus));
+    prstatus->regs.ebp = env->regs[R_EBP] & 0xffffffff;
+    prstatus->regs.esp = env->regs[R_ESP] & 0xffffffff;
+    prstatus->regs.edi = env->regs[R_EDI] & 0xffffffff;
+    prstatus->regs.esi = env->regs[R_ESI] & 0xffffffff;
+    prstatus->regs.edx = env->regs[R_EDX] & 0xffffffff;
+    prstatus->regs.ecx = env->regs[R_ECX] & 0xffffffff;
+    prstatus->regs.ebx = env->regs[R_EBX] & 0xffffffff;
+    prstatus->regs.eax = env->regs[R_EAX] & 0xffffffff;
+    prstatus->regs.eip = env->eip & 0xffffffff;
+    prstatus->regs.eflags = env->eflags & 0xffffffff;
+
+    prstatus->regs.cs = env->segs[R_CS].selector;
+    prstatus->regs.ss = env->segs[R_SS].selector;
+    prstatus->regs.ds = env->segs[R_DS].selector;
+    prstatus->regs.es = env->segs[R_ES].selector;
+    prstatus->regs.fs = env->segs[R_FS].selector;
+    prstatus->regs.gs = env->segs[R_GS].selector;
+
+    prstatus->pid = id;
+}
+
+static int x86_write_elf64_note(write_core_dump_function f, CPUArchState *env,
+                                int id, void *opaque)
+{
+    x86_elf_prstatus prstatus;
+    Elf64_Nhdr *note;
+    char *buf;
+    int descsz, note_size, name_size = 5;
+    const char *name = "CORE";
+    int ret;
+
+    x86_fill_elf_prstatus(&prstatus, env, id);
+    descsz = sizeof(x86_elf_prstatus);
+    note_size = ((sizeof(Elf64_Nhdr) + 3) / 4 + (name_size + 3) / 4 +
+                (descsz + 3) / 4) * 4;
+    note = g_malloc(note_size);
+
+    memset(note, 0, note_size);
+    note->n_namesz = cpu_to_le32(name_size);
+    note->n_descsz = cpu_to_le32(descsz);
+    note->n_type = cpu_to_le32(NT_PRSTATUS);
+    buf = (char *)note;
+    buf += ((sizeof(Elf64_Nhdr) + 3) / 4) * 4;
+    memcpy(buf, name, name_size);
+    buf += ((name_size + 3) / 4) * 4;
+    memcpy(buf, &prstatus, sizeof(prstatus));
+
+    ret = f(note, note_size, opaque);
+    g_free(note);
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int cpu_write_elf64_note(write_core_dump_function f, CPUArchState *env,
+                         int cpuid, void *opaque)
+{
+    int ret;
+#ifdef TARGET_X86_64
+    bool lma = !!(first_cpu->hflags & HF_LMA_MASK);
+
+    if (lma) {
+        ret = x86_64_write_elf64_note(f, env, cpuid, opaque);
+    } else {
+#endif
+        ret = x86_write_elf64_note(f, env, cpuid, opaque);
+#ifdef TARGET_X86_64
+    }
+#endif
+
+    return ret;
+}
+
+int cpu_write_elf32_note(write_core_dump_function f, CPUArchState *env,
+                         int cpuid, void *opaque)
+{
+    x86_elf_prstatus prstatus;
+    Elf32_Nhdr *note;
+    char *buf;
+    int descsz, note_size, name_size = 5;
+    const char *name = "CORE";
+    int ret;
+
+    x86_fill_elf_prstatus(&prstatus, env, cpuid);
+    descsz = sizeof(x86_elf_prstatus);
+    note_size = ((sizeof(Elf32_Nhdr) + 3) / 4 + (name_size + 3) / 4 +
+                (descsz + 3) / 4) * 4;
+    note = g_malloc(note_size);
+
+    memset(note, 0, note_size);
+    note->n_namesz = cpu_to_le32(name_size);
+    note->n_descsz = cpu_to_le32(descsz);
+    note->n_type = cpu_to_le32(NT_PRSTATUS);
+    buf = (char *)note;
+    buf += ((sizeof(Elf32_Nhdr) + 3) / 4) * 4;
+    memcpy(buf, name, name_size);
+    buf += ((name_size + 3) / 4) * 4;
+    memcpy(buf, &prstatus, sizeof(prstatus));
+
+    ret = f(note, note_size, opaque);
+    g_free(note);
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * please count up QEMUCPUSTATE_VERSION if you have changed definition of
+ * QEMUCPUState, and modify the tools using this information accordingly.
+ */
+#define QEMUCPUSTATE_VERSION (1)
+
+struct QEMUCPUSegment {
+    uint32_t selector;
+    uint32_t limit;
+    uint32_t flags;
+    uint32_t pad;
+    uint64_t base;
+};
+
+typedef struct QEMUCPUSegment QEMUCPUSegment;
+
+struct QEMUCPUState {
+    uint32_t version;
+    uint32_t size;
+    uint64_t rax, rbx, rcx, rdx, rsi, rdi, rsp, rbp;
+    uint64_t r8, r9, r10, r11, r12, r13, r14, r15;
+    uint64_t rip, rflags;
+    QEMUCPUSegment cs, ds, es, fs, gs, ss;
+    QEMUCPUSegment ldt, tr, gdt, idt;
+    uint64_t cr[5];
+};
+
+typedef struct QEMUCPUState QEMUCPUState;
+
+static void copy_segment(QEMUCPUSegment *d, SegmentCache *s)
+{
+    d->pad = 0;
+    d->selector = s->selector;
+    d->limit = s->limit;
+    d->flags = s->flags;
+    d->base = s->base;
+}
+
+static void qemu_get_cpustate(QEMUCPUState *s, CPUArchState *env)
+{
+    memset(s, 0, sizeof(QEMUCPUState));
+
+    s->version = QEMUCPUSTATE_VERSION;
+    s->size = sizeof(QEMUCPUState);
+
+    s->rax = env->regs[R_EAX];
+    s->rbx = env->regs[R_EBX];
+    s->rcx = env->regs[R_ECX];
+    s->rdx = env->regs[R_EDX];
+    s->rsi = env->regs[R_ESI];
+    s->rdi = env->regs[R_EDI];
+    s->rsp = env->regs[R_ESP];
+    s->rbp = env->regs[R_EBP];
+#ifdef TARGET_X86_64
+    s->r8  = env->regs[8];
+    s->r9  = env->regs[9];
+    s->r10 = env->regs[10];
+    s->r11 = env->regs[11];
+    s->r12 = env->regs[12];
+    s->r13 = env->regs[13];
+    s->r14 = env->regs[14];
+    s->r15 = env->regs[15];
+#endif
+    s->rip = env->eip;
+    s->rflags = env->eflags;
+
+    copy_segment(&s->cs, &env->segs[R_CS]);
+    copy_segment(&s->ds, &env->segs[R_DS]);
+    copy_segment(&s->es, &env->segs[R_ES]);
+    copy_segment(&s->fs, &env->segs[R_FS]);
+    copy_segment(&s->gs, &env->segs[R_GS]);
+    copy_segment(&s->ss, &env->segs[R_SS]);
+    copy_segment(&s->ldt, &env->ldt);
+    copy_segment(&s->tr, &env->tr);
+    copy_segment(&s->gdt, &env->gdt);
+    copy_segment(&s->idt, &env->idt);
+
+    s->cr[0] = env->cr[0];
+    s->cr[1] = env->cr[1];
+    s->cr[2] = env->cr[2];
+    s->cr[3] = env->cr[3];
+    s->cr[4] = env->cr[4];
+}
+
+static inline int cpu_write_qemu_note(write_core_dump_function f,
+                                      CPUArchState *env,
+                                      void *opaque,
+                                      int type)
+{
+    QEMUCPUState state;
+    Elf64_Nhdr *note64;
+    Elf32_Nhdr *note32;
+    void *note;
+    char *buf;
+    int descsz, note_size, name_size = 5, note_head_size;
+    const char *name = "QEMU";
+    int ret;
+
+    qemu_get_cpustate(&state, env);
+
+    descsz = sizeof(state);
+    if (type == 0) {
+        note_head_size = sizeof(Elf32_Nhdr);
+    } else {
+        note_head_size = sizeof(Elf64_Nhdr);
+    }
+    note_size = ((note_head_size + 3) / 4 + (name_size + 3) / 4 +
+                (descsz + 3) / 4) * 4;
+    note = g_malloc(note_size);
+
+    memset(note, 0, note_size);
+    if (type == 0) {
+        note32 = note;
+        note32->n_namesz = cpu_to_le32(name_size);
+        note32->n_descsz = cpu_to_le32(descsz);
+        note32->n_type = 0;
+    } else {
+        note64 = note;
+        note64->n_namesz = cpu_to_le32(name_size);
+        note64->n_descsz = cpu_to_le32(descsz);
+        note64->n_type = 0;
+    }
+    buf = note;
+    buf += ((note_head_size + 3) / 4) * 4;
+    memcpy(buf, name, name_size);
+    buf += ((name_size + 3) / 4) * 4;
+    memcpy(buf, &state, sizeof(state));
+
+    ret = f(note, note_size, opaque);
+    g_free(note);
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int cpu_write_elf64_qemunote(write_core_dump_function f, CPUArchState *env,
+                             void *opaque)
+{
+    return cpu_write_qemu_note(f, env, opaque, 1);
+}
+
+int cpu_write_elf32_qemunote(write_core_dump_function f, CPUArchState *env,
+                             void *opaque)
+{
+    return cpu_write_qemu_note(f, env, opaque, 0);
+}
+
+int cpu_get_dump_info(ArchDumpInfo *info)
+{
+    bool lma = false;
+    RAMBlock *block;
+
+#ifdef TARGET_X86_64
+    lma = !!(first_cpu->hflags & HF_LMA_MASK);
+#endif
+
+    if (lma) {
+        info->d_machine = EM_X86_64;
+    } else {
+        info->d_machine = EM_386;
+    }
+    info->d_endian = ELFDATA2LSB;
+
+    if (lma) {
+        info->d_class = ELFCLASS64;
+    } else {
+        info->d_class = ELFCLASS32;
+
+        QLIST_FOREACH(block, &ram_list.blocks, next) {
+            if (block->offset + block->length > UINT_MAX) {
+                /* The memory size is greater than 4G */
+                info->d_class = ELFCLASS64;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+size_t cpu_get_note_size(int class, int machine, int nr_cpus)
+{
+    int name_size = 5; /* "CORE" or "QEMU" */
+    size_t elf_note_size = 0;
+    size_t qemu_note_size = 0;
+    int elf_desc_size = 0;
+    int qemu_desc_size = 0;
+    int note_head_size;
+
+    if (class == ELFCLASS32) {
+        note_head_size = sizeof(Elf32_Nhdr);
+    } else {
+        note_head_size = sizeof(Elf64_Nhdr);
+    }
+
+    if (machine == EM_386) {
+        elf_desc_size = sizeof(x86_elf_prstatus);
+    }
+#ifdef TARGET_X86_64
+    else {
+        elf_desc_size = sizeof(x86_64_elf_prstatus);
+    }
+#endif
+    qemu_desc_size = sizeof(QEMUCPUState);
+
+    elf_note_size = ((note_head_size + 3) / 4 + (name_size + 3) / 4 +
+                     (elf_desc_size + 3) / 4) * 4;
+    qemu_note_size = ((note_head_size + 3) / 4 + (name_size + 3) / 4 +
+                      (qemu_desc_size + 3) / 4) * 4;
+
+    return (elf_note_size + qemu_note_size) * nr_cpus;
+}
diff --git a/target-i386/arch_memory_mapping.c b/target-i386/arch_memory_mapping.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bd50e1143a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/target-i386/arch_memory_mapping.c
@@ -0,0 +1,271 @@
+/*
+ * i386 memory mapping
+ *
+ * Copyright Fujitsu, Corp. 2011, 2012
+ *
+ * Authors:
+ *     Wen Congyang <wency@cn.fujitsu.com>
+ *
+ * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2.  See
+ * the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include "cpu.h"
+#include "cpu-all.h"
+
+/* PAE Paging or IA-32e Paging */
+static void walk_pte(MemoryMappingList *list, target_phys_addr_t pte_start_addr,
+                     int32_t a20_mask, target_ulong start_line_addr)
+{
+    target_phys_addr_t pte_addr, start_paddr;
+    uint64_t pte;
+    target_ulong start_vaddr;
+    int i;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < 512; i++) {
+        pte_addr = (pte_start_addr + i * 8) & a20_mask;
+        pte = ldq_phys(pte_addr);
+        if (!(pte & PG_PRESENT_MASK)) {
+            /* not present */
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        start_paddr = (pte & ~0xfff) & ~(0x1ULL << 63);
+        if (cpu_physical_memory_is_io(start_paddr)) {
+            /* I/O region */
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        start_vaddr = start_line_addr | ((i & 0x1fff) << 12);
+        memory_mapping_list_add_merge_sorted(list, start_paddr,
+                                             start_vaddr, 1 << 12);
+    }
+}
+
+/* 32-bit Paging */
+static void walk_pte2(MemoryMappingList *list,
+                      target_phys_addr_t pte_start_addr, int32_t a20_mask,
+                      target_ulong start_line_addr)
+{
+    target_phys_addr_t pte_addr, start_paddr;
+    uint32_t pte;
+    target_ulong start_vaddr;
+    int i;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < 1024; i++) {
+        pte_addr = (pte_start_addr + i * 4) & a20_mask;
+        pte = ldl_phys(pte_addr);
+        if (!(pte & PG_PRESENT_MASK)) {
+            /* not present */
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        start_paddr = pte & ~0xfff;
+        if (cpu_physical_memory_is_io(start_paddr)) {
+            /* I/O region */
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        start_vaddr = start_line_addr | ((i & 0x3ff) << 12);
+        memory_mapping_list_add_merge_sorted(list, start_paddr,
+                                             start_vaddr, 1 << 12);
+    }
+}
+
+/* PAE Paging or IA-32e Paging */
+static void walk_pde(MemoryMappingList *list, target_phys_addr_t pde_start_addr,
+                     int32_t a20_mask, target_ulong start_line_addr)
+{
+    target_phys_addr_t pde_addr, pte_start_addr, start_paddr;
+    uint64_t pde;
+    target_ulong line_addr, start_vaddr;
+    int i;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < 512; i++) {
+        pde_addr = (pde_start_addr + i * 8) & a20_mask;
+        pde = ldq_phys(pde_addr);
+        if (!(pde & PG_PRESENT_MASK)) {
+            /* not present */
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        line_addr = start_line_addr | ((i & 0x1ff) << 21);
+        if (pde & PG_PSE_MASK) {
+            /* 2 MB page */
+            start_paddr = (pde & ~0x1fffff) & ~(0x1ULL << 63);
+            if (cpu_physical_memory_is_io(start_paddr)) {
+                /* I/O region */
+                continue;
+            }
+            start_vaddr = line_addr;
+            memory_mapping_list_add_merge_sorted(list, start_paddr,
+                                                 start_vaddr, 1 << 21);
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        pte_start_addr = (pde & ~0xfff) & a20_mask;
+        walk_pte(list, pte_start_addr, a20_mask, line_addr);
+    }
+}
+
+/* 32-bit Paging */
+static void walk_pde2(MemoryMappingList *list,
+                      target_phys_addr_t pde_start_addr, int32_t a20_mask,
+                      bool pse)
+{
+    target_phys_addr_t pde_addr, pte_start_addr, start_paddr;
+    uint32_t pde;
+    target_ulong line_addr, start_vaddr;
+    int i;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < 1024; i++) {
+        pde_addr = (pde_start_addr + i * 4) & a20_mask;
+        pde = ldl_phys(pde_addr);
+        if (!(pde & PG_PRESENT_MASK)) {
+            /* not present */
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        line_addr = (((unsigned int)i & 0x3ff) << 22);
+        if ((pde & PG_PSE_MASK) && pse) {
+            /* 4 MB page */
+            start_paddr = (pde & ~0x3fffff) | ((pde & 0x1fe000) << 19);
+            if (cpu_physical_memory_is_io(start_paddr)) {
+                /* I/O region */
+                continue;
+            }
+            start_vaddr = line_addr;
+            memory_mapping_list_add_merge_sorted(list, start_paddr,
+                                                 start_vaddr, 1 << 22);
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        pte_start_addr = (pde & ~0xfff) & a20_mask;
+        walk_pte2(list, pte_start_addr, a20_mask, line_addr);
+    }
+}
+
+/* PAE Paging */
+static void walk_pdpe2(MemoryMappingList *list,
+                       target_phys_addr_t pdpe_start_addr, int32_t a20_mask)
+{
+    target_phys_addr_t pdpe_addr, pde_start_addr;
+    uint64_t pdpe;
+    target_ulong line_addr;
+    int i;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+        pdpe_addr = (pdpe_start_addr + i * 8) & a20_mask;
+        pdpe = ldq_phys(pdpe_addr);
+        if (!(pdpe & PG_PRESENT_MASK)) {
+            /* not present */
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        line_addr = (((unsigned int)i & 0x3) << 30);
+        pde_start_addr = (pdpe & ~0xfff) & a20_mask;
+        walk_pde(list, pde_start_addr, a20_mask, line_addr);
+    }
+}
+
+#ifdef TARGET_X86_64
+/* IA-32e Paging */
+static void walk_pdpe(MemoryMappingList *list,
+                      target_phys_addr_t pdpe_start_addr, int32_t a20_mask,
+                      target_ulong start_line_addr)
+{
+    target_phys_addr_t pdpe_addr, pde_start_addr, start_paddr;
+    uint64_t pdpe;
+    target_ulong line_addr, start_vaddr;
+    int i;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < 512; i++) {
+        pdpe_addr = (pdpe_start_addr + i * 8) & a20_mask;
+        pdpe = ldq_phys(pdpe_addr);
+        if (!(pdpe & PG_PRESENT_MASK)) {
+            /* not present */
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        line_addr = start_line_addr | ((i & 0x1ffULL) << 30);
+        if (pdpe & PG_PSE_MASK) {
+            /* 1 GB page */
+            start_paddr = (pdpe & ~0x3fffffff) & ~(0x1ULL << 63);
+            if (cpu_physical_memory_is_io(start_paddr)) {
+                /* I/O region */
+                continue;
+            }
+            start_vaddr = line_addr;
+            memory_mapping_list_add_merge_sorted(list, start_paddr,
+                                                 start_vaddr, 1 << 30);
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        pde_start_addr = (pdpe & ~0xfff) & a20_mask;
+        walk_pde(list, pde_start_addr, a20_mask, line_addr);
+    }
+}
+
+/* IA-32e Paging */
+static void walk_pml4e(MemoryMappingList *list,
+                       target_phys_addr_t pml4e_start_addr, int32_t a20_mask)
+{
+    target_phys_addr_t pml4e_addr, pdpe_start_addr;
+    uint64_t pml4e;
+    target_ulong line_addr;
+    int i;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < 512; i++) {
+        pml4e_addr = (pml4e_start_addr + i * 8) & a20_mask;
+        pml4e = ldq_phys(pml4e_addr);
+        if (!(pml4e & PG_PRESENT_MASK)) {
+            /* not present */
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        line_addr = ((i & 0x1ffULL) << 39) | (0xffffULL << 48);
+        pdpe_start_addr = (pml4e & ~0xfff) & a20_mask;
+        walk_pdpe(list, pdpe_start_addr, a20_mask, line_addr);
+    }
+}
+#endif
+
+int cpu_get_memory_mapping(MemoryMappingList *list, CPUArchState *env)
+{
+    if (!cpu_paging_enabled(env)) {
+        /* paging is disabled */
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    if (env->cr[4] & CR4_PAE_MASK) {
+#ifdef TARGET_X86_64
+        if (env->hflags & HF_LMA_MASK) {
+            target_phys_addr_t pml4e_addr;
+
+            pml4e_addr = (env->cr[3] & ~0xfff) & env->a20_mask;
+            walk_pml4e(list, pml4e_addr, env->a20_mask);
+        } else
+#endif
+        {
+            target_phys_addr_t pdpe_addr;
+
+            pdpe_addr = (env->cr[3] & ~0x1f) & env->a20_mask;
+            walk_pdpe2(list, pdpe_addr, env->a20_mask);
+        }
+    } else {
+        target_phys_addr_t pde_addr;
+        bool pse;
+
+        pde_addr = (env->cr[3] & ~0xfff) & env->a20_mask;
+        pse = !!(env->cr[4] & CR4_PSE_MASK);
+        walk_pde2(list, pde_addr, env->a20_mask, pse);
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+bool cpu_paging_enabled(CPUArchState *env)
+{
+    return env->cr[0] & CR0_PG_MASK;
+}
diff --git a/vl.c b/vl.c
index 23ab3a34d0..148542617d 100644
--- a/vl.c
+++ b/vl.c
@@ -1786,7 +1786,7 @@ static int balloon_parse(const char *arg)
                 return  -1;
         } else {
             /* create empty opts */
-            opts = qemu_opts_create(qemu_find_opts("device"), NULL, 0);
+            opts = qemu_opts_create(qemu_find_opts("device"), NULL, 0, NULL);
         }
         qemu_opt_set(opts, "driver", "virtio-balloon");
         return 0;
@@ -1921,7 +1921,7 @@ static void monitor_parse(const char *optarg, const char *mode)
         }
     }
 
-    opts = qemu_opts_create(qemu_find_opts("mon"), label, 1);
+    opts = qemu_opts_create(qemu_find_opts("mon"), label, 1, NULL);
     if (!opts) {
         fprintf(stderr, "duplicate chardev: %s\n", label);
         exit(1);
@@ -2035,14 +2035,14 @@ static int virtcon_parse(const char *devname)
         exit(1);
     }
 
-    bus_opts = qemu_opts_create(device, NULL, 0);
+    bus_opts = qemu_opts_create(device, NULL, 0, NULL);
     if (arch_type == QEMU_ARCH_S390X) {
         qemu_opt_set(bus_opts, "driver", "virtio-serial-s390");
     } else {
         qemu_opt_set(bus_opts, "driver", "virtio-serial-pci");
     } 
 
-    dev_opts = qemu_opts_create(device, NULL, 0);
+    dev_opts = qemu_opts_create(device, NULL, 0, NULL);
     qemu_opt_set(dev_opts, "driver", "virtconsole");
 
     snprintf(label, sizeof(label), "virtcon%d", index);
@@ -2065,7 +2065,7 @@ static int debugcon_parse(const char *devname)
     if (!qemu_chr_new("debugcon", devname, NULL)) {
         exit(1);
     }
-    opts = qemu_opts_create(qemu_find_opts("device"), "debugcon", 1);
+    opts = qemu_opts_create(qemu_find_opts("device"), "debugcon", 1, NULL);
     if (!opts) {
         fprintf(stderr, "qemu: already have a debugcon device\n");
         exit(1);
@@ -2813,7 +2813,8 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv, char **envp)
                     exit(1);
                 }
                 fsdev = qemu_opts_create(qemu_find_opts("fsdev"),
-                                         qemu_opt_get(opts, "mount_tag"), 1);
+                                         qemu_opt_get(opts, "mount_tag"),
+                                         1, NULL);
                 if (!fsdev) {
                     fprintf(stderr, "duplicate fsdev id: %s\n",
                             qemu_opt_get(opts, "mount_tag"));
@@ -2845,7 +2846,8 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv, char **envp)
 
                 qemu_opt_set_bool(fsdev, "readonly",
                                 qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, "readonly", 0));
-                device = qemu_opts_create(qemu_find_opts("device"), NULL, 0);
+                device = qemu_opts_create(qemu_find_opts("device"), NULL, 0,
+                                          NULL);
                 qemu_opt_set(device, "driver", "virtio-9p-pci");
                 qemu_opt_set(device, "fsdev",
                              qemu_opt_get(opts, "mount_tag"));
@@ -2857,14 +2859,16 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv, char **envp)
                 QemuOpts *fsdev;
                 QemuOpts *device;
 
-                fsdev = qemu_opts_create(qemu_find_opts("fsdev"), "v_synth", 1);
+                fsdev = qemu_opts_create(qemu_find_opts("fsdev"), "v_synth",
+                                         1, NULL);
                 if (!fsdev) {
                     fprintf(stderr, "duplicate option: %s\n", "virtfs_synth");
                     exit(1);
                 }
                 qemu_opt_set(fsdev, "fsdriver", "synth");
 
-                device = qemu_opts_create(qemu_find_opts("device"), NULL, 0);
+                device = qemu_opts_create(qemu_find_opts("device"), NULL, 0,
+                                          NULL);
                 qemu_opt_set(device, "driver", "virtio-9p-pci");
                 qemu_opt_set(device, "fsdev", "v_synth");
                 qemu_opt_set(device, "mount_tag", "v_synth");
author	Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>	2012-06-06 20:57:56 +0800
committer	Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>	2012-06-06 20:57:56 +0800
commit	349417004a0f7cf5518a998dca755cd06f6c212b (patch)
tree	70bad616da7eb6d55a1d1781fdd64915a532bbcb
parent	e1ae9a7a78be8d894c111059955fe0e25ec4c203 (diff)
parent	4860853d60ecea44b65e9cdefce980de3a641dce (diff)
download	qemu-349417004a0f7cf5518a998dca755cd06f6c212b.tar.gz